Md. Mahmudul Hasan

Tashreef Muhammad, Tahsin Ahmed, Meherun Farzana et al.

Accurate short-term forecasting of agricultural commodity prices is critical for food security planning and smallholder income stabilisation in developing economies, yet machine-learning-ready datasets for this purpose remain scarce in South Asia. This paper makes two contributions. First, we introduce AgriPriceBD, a benchmark dataset of 1,779 daily retail mid-prices for five Bangladeshi commodities - garlic, chickpea, green chilli, cucumber, and sweet pumpkin - spanning July 2020 to June 2025, extracted from government reports via an LLM-assisted digitisation pipeline. Second, we evaluate seven forecasting approaches spanning classical models - naïve persistence, SARIMA, and Prophet - and deep learning architectures - BiLSTM, Transformer, Time2Vec-enhanced Transformer, and Informer - with Diebold-Mariano statistical significance tests. Commodity price forecastability is fundamentally heterogeneous: naïve persistence dominates on near-random-walk commodities. Time2Vec temporal encoding provides no statistically significant advantage over fixed sinusoidal encoding and causes catastrophic degradation on green chilli (+146.1% MAE, p<0.001). Prophet fails systematically, attributable to discrete step-function price dynamics incompatible with its smooth decomposition assumptions. Informer produces erratic predictions (variance up to 50x ground-truth), confirming sparse-attention Transformers require substantially larger training sets than small agricultural datasets provide. All code, models, and data are released publicly to support replication and future forecasting research on agricultural commodity markets in Bangladesh and similar developing economies.

Md. Mahmudul Hasan, Ahmed Nesar Tahsin Choudhury, Mahmudul Hasan et al.

Despite Bengali being the sixth most spoken language in the world, handwritten text recognition (HTR) systems for Bengali remain severely underdeveloped. The complexity of Bengali script--featuring conjuncts, diacritics, and highly variable handwriting styles--combined with a scarcity of annotated datasets makes this task particularly challenging. We present GraDeT-HTR, a resource-efficient Bengali handwritten text recognition system based on a Grapheme-aware Decoder-only Transformer architecture. To address the unique challenges of Bengali script, we augment the performance of a decoder-only transformer by integrating a grapheme-based tokenizer and demonstrate that it significantly improves recognition accuracy compared to conventional subword tokenizers. Our model is pretrained on large-scale synthetic data and fine-tuned on real human-annotated samples, achieving state-of-the-art performance on multiple benchmark datasets.

Md. Mahmudul Hasan, SM Shaqib, Ms. Sharmin Akter et al.

The purpose of the Insect Detection System for Crop and Plant Health is to keep an eye out for and identify insect infestations in farming areas. By utilizing cutting-edge technology like computer vision and machine learning, the system seeks to identify hazardous insects early and accurately. This would enable prompt response to save crops and maintain optimal plant health. The Method of this study includes Data Acquisition, Preprocessing, Data splitting, Model Implementation and Model evaluation. Different models like MobileNetV2, ResNet152V2, Xecption, Custom CNN was used in this study. In order to categorize insect photos, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based on the ResNet152V2 architecture is constructed and evaluated in this work. Achieving 99% training accuracy and 97% testing accuracy, ResNet152V2 demonstrates superior performance among four implemented models. The results highlight its potential for real-world applications in insect classification and entomology studies, emphasizing efficiency and accuracy. To ensure food security and sustain agricultural output globally, finding insects is crucial. Cutting-edge technology, such as ResNet152V2 models, greatly influence automating and improving the accuracy of insect identification. Efficient insect detection not only minimizes crop losses but also enhances agricultural productivity, contributing to sustainable food production. This underscores the pivotal role of technology in addressing challenges related to global food security.