Sadhana Tiwari

Ritesh Chandra, Sadhana Tiwari, Satyam Rastogi et al.

Liver diseases pose a significant global health burden, impacting many individuals and having substantial economic and social consequences. Rising liver problems are considered a fatal disease in many countries, such as Egypt and Moldova. This study aims to develop a diagnosis and treatment model for liver disease using Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), Patient Clinical Data (PCD) ontology, and detection rules derived from a decision tree algorithm. For the development of the ontology, the National Viral Hepatitis Control Program (NVHCP) guidelines were used, which made the ontology more accurate and reliable. The Apache Jena framework uses batch processing to detect events based on these rules. Based on the event detected, queries can be directly processed using SPARQL. We convert these Decision Tree (DT) and medical guidelines-based rules into Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) to operationalize the ontology. Using this SWRL in the ontology to predict different types of liver disease with the help of the Pellet and Drools inference engines in Protege Tools, a total of 615 records were taken from different liver diseases. After inferring the rules, the result can be generated for the patient according to the rules, and other patient-related details, along with different precautionary suggestions, can be obtained based on these results. These rules can make suggestions more accurate with the help of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) with open API-based suggestions. When the patient has prescribed a medical test, the model accommodates this result using optical character recognition (OCR), and the same process applies when the patient has prescribed a further medical suggestion according to the test report. These models combine to form a comprehensive Decision Support System (DSS) for the diagnosis of liver disease.

Himanshi Singh, Sadhana Tiwari, Sonali Agarwal et al.

This study investigates the potential of multimodal data integration, which combines electroencephalogram (EEG) data with sociodemographic characteristics like age, sex, education, and intelligence quotient (IQ), to diagnose mental diseases like schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. Using Apache Spark and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a data-driven classification pipeline has been developed for big data environment to effectively analyze massive datasets. In order to evaluate brain activity and connection patterns associated with mental disorders, EEG parameters such as power spectral density (PSD) and coherence are examined. The importance of coherence features is highlighted by comparative analysis, which shows significant improvement in classification accuracy and robustness. This study emphasizes the significance of holistic approaches for efficient diagnostic tools by integrating a variety of data sources. The findings open the door for creative, data-driven approaches to treating psychiatric diseases by demonstrating the potential of utilizing big data, sophisticated deep learning methods, and multimodal datasets to enhance the precision, usability, and comprehension of mental health diagnostics.

Himanshi Singh, Sadhana Tiwari, Sonali Agarwal et al.

Individual's general well-being is greatly impacted by mental health conditions including depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), underscoring the importance of early detection and precise diagnosis in order to facilitate prompt clinical intervention. An advanced multimodal deep learning system for the automated classification of PTSD and depression is presented in this paper. Utilizing textual and audio data from clinical interview datasets, the method combines features taken from both modalities by combining the architectures of LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) and BiLSTM (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory).Although text features focus on speech's semantic and grammatical components; audio features capture vocal traits including rhythm, tone, and pitch. This combination of modalities enhances the model's capacity to identify minute patterns connected to mental health conditions. Using test datasets, the proposed method achieves classification accuracies of 92% for depression and 93% for PTSD, outperforming traditional unimodal approaches and demonstrating its accuracy and robustness.