Millie Pant

Hrishikesh Singh, Aarti Sharma, Millie Pant

In the era of evolving artificial intelligence, machines are increasingly emulating human-like capabilities, including visual perception and linguistic expression. Image captioning stands at the intersection of these domains, enabling machines to interpret visual content and generate descriptive text. This paper provides a thorough review of image captioning techniques, catering to individuals entering the field of machine learning who seek a comprehensive understanding of available options, from foundational methods to state-of-the-art approaches. Beginning with an exploration of primitive architectures, the review traces the evolution of image captioning models to the latest cutting-edge solutions. By dissecting the components of these architectures, readers gain insights into the underlying mechanisms and can select suitable approaches tailored to specific problem requirements without duplicating efforts. The paper also delves into the application of image captioning in the medical domain, illuminating its significance in various real-world scenarios. Furthermore, the review offers guidance on evaluating the performance of image captioning systems, highlighting key metrics for assessment. By synthesizing theoretical concepts with practical application, this paper equips readers with the knowledge needed to navigate the complex landscape of image captioning and harness its potential for diverse applications in machine learning and beyond.

Aashu Katharria, Kanchan Rajwar, Millie Pant et al.

Machine learning (ML) is a rapidly evolving technology with expanding applications across various fields. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent ML applications in agriculture for sustainability and efficiency. Existing reviews mainly focus on narrow subdomains or lack a fusion-driven perspectives. This study provides a combined analysis of ML applications in agriculture, structured around five key objectives: (i) Analyzing ML techniques across pre-harvesting, harvesting, and post-harvesting phases. (ii) Demonstrating how ML can be used with agricultural data and data fusion. (iii) Conducting a bibliometric and statistical analysis to reveal research trends and activity. (iv) Investigating real-world case studies of leading artificial intelligence (AI)-driven agricultural companies that use different types of multisensors and multisource data. (v) Compiling publicly available datasets to support ML model training. Going beyond existing previous reviews, this review focuses on how machine learning (ML) techniques, combined with multi-source data fusion (integrating remote sensing, IoT, and climate analytics), enhance precision agriculture by improving predictive accuracy and decision-making. Case studies and statistical insights illustrate the evolving landscape of AI driven smart farming, while future research directions also discusses challenges associated with data fusion for heterogeneous datasets. This review bridges the gap between AI research and agricultural applications, offering a roadmap for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers to harness information fusion and ML for advancing precision agriculture.

Tarun Kumar Sharma, Millie Pant, V. P. Singh

Artificial bee colony (ABC), an optimization algorithm is a recent addition to the family of population based search algorithm. ABC has taken its inspiration from the collective intelligent foraging behavior of honey bees. In this study we have incorporated golden section search mechanism in the structure of basic ABC to improve the global convergence and prevent to stick on a local solution. The proposed variant is termed as ILS-ABC. Comparative numerical results with the state-of-art algorithms show the performance of the proposal when applied to the set of unconstrained engineering design problems. The simulated results show that the proposed variant can be successfully applied to solve real life problems.