Gilberto Ochoa

Alexis Ivan Lopez Escamilla, Gilberto Ochoa, Sharib Al

We present a lesion-aware image captioning framework for ulcerative colitis (UC). The model integrates ResNet embeddings, Grad-CAM heatmaps, and CBAM-enhanced attention with a T5 decoder. Clinical metadata (MES score 0-3, vascular pattern, bleeding, erythema, friability, ulceration) is injected as natural-language prompts to guide caption generation. The system produces structured, interpretable descriptions aligned with clinical practice and provides MES classification and lesion tags. Compared with baselines, our approach improves caption quality and MES classification accuracy, supporting reliable endoscopic reporting.

Francisco Lopez, Andres Varela, Oscar Hinojosa et al.

Knowing the type (i.e., the biochemical composition) of kidney stones is crucial to prevent relapses with an appropriate treatment. During ureteroscopies, kidney stones are fragmented, extracted from the urinary tract, and their composition is determined using a morpho-constitutional analysis. This procedure is time consuming (the morpho-constitutional analysis results are only available after some days) and tedious (the fragment extraction lasts up to an hour). Identifying the kidney stone type only with the in-vivo endoscopic images would allow for the dusting of the fragments, while the morpho-constitutional analysis could be avoided. Only few contributions dealing with the in vivo identification of kidney stones were published. This paper discusses and compares five classification methods including deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN)-based approaches and traditional (non DCNN-based) ones. Even if the best method is a DCCN approach with a precision and recall of 98% and 97% over four classes, this contribution shows that a XGBoost classifier exploiting well-chosen feature vectors can closely approach the performances of DCNN classifiers for a medical application with a limited number of annotated data.