Aryan Vats

Aryan Vats, Manan Suri

The use of Deep Learning techniques for classification in Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) is rapidly growing and achieving improved performances. Due to the nature of the data captured by sensors that produce HSI images, a common issue is the dimensionality of the bands that may or may not contribute to the label class distinction. Due to the widespread nature of class labels, Principal Component Analysis is a common method used for reducing the dimensionality. However,there may exist methods that incorporate all bands of the Hyperspectral image with the help of the Attention mechanism. Furthermore, to yield better spectral spatial feature extraction, recent methods have also explored the usage of Graph Convolution Networks and their unique ability to use node features in prediction, which is akin to the pixel spectral makeup. In this survey we present a comprehensive summary of Graph based and Attention based methods to perform Hyperspectral Image Classification for remote sensing and aerial HSI images. We also summarize relevant datasets on which these techniques have been evaluated and benchmark the processing techniques.

Harshul Raj Surana, Arijit Maji, Aryan Vats et al.

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant progress in reasoning tasks across various domains such as mathematics and coding. However, their performance deteriorates in tasks requiring rich socio-cultural knowledge and diverse local contexts, particularly those involving Indian Culture. Existing Cultural benchmarks are (i) Manually crafted, (ii) contain single-hop questions testing factual recall, and (iii) prohibitively costly to scale, leaving this deficiency largely unmeasured. To address this, we introduce VIRAASAT, a novel, semi-automated multi-hop approach for generating cultural specific multi-hop Question-Answering dataset for Indian culture. VIRAASAT leverages a Knowledge Graph comprising more than 700 expert-curated cultural artifacts, covering 13 key attributes of Indian culture (history, festivals, etc). VIRAASAT spans all 28 states and 8 Union Territories, yielding more than 3,200 multi-hop questions that necessitate chained cultural reasoning. We evaluate current State-of-the-Art (SOTA) LLMs on VIRAASAT and identify key limitations in reasoning wherein fine-tuning on Chain-of-Thought(CoT) traces fails to ground and synthesize low-probability facts. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel framework named Symbolic Chain-of-Manipulation (SCoM). Adapting the Chain-of-Manipulation paradigm, we train the model to simulate atomic Knowledge Graph manipulations internally. SCoM teaches the model to reliably traverse the topological structure of the graph. Experiments on Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) demonstrate that SCoM outperforms standard CoT baselines by up to 20%. We release the VIRAASAT dataset along with our findings, laying a strong foundation towards building Culturally Aware Reasoning Models.