Dongming Han

Luoxuan Weng, Minfeng Zhu, Kam Kwai Wong et al.

Large language models (LLMs) have gained popularity in various fields for their exceptional capability of generating human-like text. Their potential misuse has raised social concerns about plagiarism in academic contexts. However, effective artificial scientific text detection is a non-trivial task due to several challenges, including 1) the lack of a clear understanding of the differences between machine-generated and human-written scientific text, 2) the poor generalization performance of existing methods caused by out-of-distribution issues, and 3) the limited support for human-machine collaboration with sufficient interpretability during the detection process. In this paper, we first identify the critical distinctions between machine-generated and human-written scientific text through a quantitative experiment. Then, we propose a mixed-initiative workflow that combines human experts' prior knowledge with machine intelligence, along with a visual analytics prototype to facilitate efficient and trustworthy scientific text detection. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through two case studies and a controlled user study with proficient researchers. We also provide design implications for interactive artificial text detection tools in high-stakes decision-making scenarios.

Hongkun Pan, Yuwei Wu, Wanyi Hong et al.

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown considerable potential in chart understanding and reasoning tasks. However, they still struggle with high information density (HID) charts characterized by multiple subplots, legends, and dense annotations due to three major challenges: (1) limited fine-grained perception results in the omission of critical visual cues; (2) redundant or noisy visual information undermines the performance of multimodal reasoning; (3) lack of adaptive deep reasoning relative to the amount of visual information. To tackle these challenges, we present a novel focus-driven fine-grained chart reasoning model, Chart-FR1, to improve perception, focusing efficiency, and adaptive deep reasoning on HID charts. Specifically, we propose Focus-CoT, a visual focusing chain-of-thought that enhances fine-grained perception by explicitly linking reasoning steps to key visual cues, such as local image regions and OCR signals. Building on this, we introduce Focus-GRPO, a focus-driven reinforcement learning algorithm with an information-efficiency reward that compresses redundant visual information for efficient focusing, and an adaptive KL penalty mechanism that enables flexible control over reasoning depth as more visual cues are discovered. Furthermore, to fill the gap in benchmarks for HID charts, we build HID-Chart, a challenging benchmark with an information-density metric designed to evaluate fine-grained chart reasoning capabilities. Extensive experiments on multiple chart benchmarks demonstrate that Chart-FR1 outperforms state-of-the-art MLLMs in chart understanding and reasoning. Code is available at https://github.com/phkhub/Chart-FR1.

Yujie Ding, Shuai Jia, Tianyi Ma et al.

The remarkable achievements and rapid advancements of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 have showcased their immense potential in quantitative investment. Traders can effectively leverage these LLMs to analyze financial news and predict stock returns accurately. However, integrating LLMs into existing quantitative models presents two primary challenges: the insufficient utilization of semantic information embedded within LLMs and the difficulties in aligning the latent information within LLMs with pre-existing quantitative stock features. We propose a novel framework consisting of two components to surmount these challenges. The first component, the Local-Global (LG) model, introduces three distinct strategies for modeling global information. These approaches are grounded respectively on stock features, the capabilities of LLMs, and a hybrid method combining the two paradigms. The second component, Self-Correlated Reinforcement Learning (SCRL), focuses on aligning the embeddings of financial news generated by LLMs with stock features within the same semantic space. By implementing our framework, we have demonstrated superior performance in Rank Information Coefficient and returns, particularly compared to models relying only on stock features in the China A-share market.

Dongming Han, Wei Chen, Rusheng Pan et al.

This paper presents GraphFederator, a novel approach to construct joint representations of multi-party graphs and supports privacy-preserving visual analysis of graphs. Inspired by the concept of federated learning, we reformulate the analysis of multi-party graphs into a decentralization process. The new federation framework consists of a shared module that is responsible for joint modeling and analysis, and a set of local modules that run on respective graph data. Specifically, we propose a federated graph representation model (FGRM) that is learned from encrypted characteristics of multi-party graphs in local modules. We also design multiple visualization views for joint visualization, exploration, and analysis of multi-party graphs. Experimental results with two datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.