Shunbo Lei

Yiwei Liu, Luwei Yang, Shunbo Lei

We study dynamic regret in federated online decision-making with stateful incurred costs under block-based synchronization and partial client participation. In this setting, sparse communication affects not only the pointwise update quality but also the realized state trajectory along which costs are incurred. We propose \textbf{BLADE}, a projected blockwise federated online decision method. BLADE uses only \(O(T/K)\) communication and achieves a dynamic-regret bound for the incurred cost against path-length-bounded comparator sequences; under \(K=\lceil\sqrt T\rceil\), the bound is sublinear whenever \(V_T=o(T^{1/4})\). Experiments on a controlled synthetic stable linear system validate the predicted communication--regret, memory, participation, disturbance-variation, and horizon-scaling effects.

Yiwei Liu, Luwei Yang, Shunbo Lei

This paper studies secondary frequency control in transmission networks subject to communication delays at the cyber-physical interface and limited per-update computation at the control center. The regulation objective is formulated as a constrained economic dispatch problem incorporating generation capacity constraints, nodal power balance, transmission-flow limits, and scheduled tie-line power exchanges. Based on this formulation, we develop a passivity-based control framework in which an augmented projected primal-dual controller restores nominal frequency and drives the closed-loop system to the solution set of the constrained economic dispatch problem. Two-way communication delays between the physical network and the control center are modeled as scattering-based passive channels for the measurement uplink and the control-command downlink. This construction preserves the target equilibrium and enables a delay-robust passivity analysis of the delayed closed loop. To reduce the computational burden at the control center, we develop a randomized block-coordinate implementation of the augmented projected primal-dual controller. The resulting sampled-data closed loop preserves the target solution set and achieves local mean-square geometric convergence under suitable step-size and regularity conditions. Finally, a multivariable wave-domain interface filter is introduced to inject additional dissipation and improve the damping of the delayed interface without altering the steady-state interconnection. Simulations on the IEEE 14-bus system indicate that the proposed digital implementation accurately reproduces the delayed closed-loop behavior while reducing the per-update computational cost.

Boyan Tang, Xuanhao Ren, Peng Xiao et al.

Accurate day-ahead electricity price forecasting (DAEPF) is critical for the efficient operation of power systems, but extreme condition and market anomalies pose significant challenges to existing forecasting methods. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes a novel hybrid deep learning framework that integrates a Distilled Attention Transformer (DAT) model and an Autoencoder Self-regression Model (ASM). The DAT leverages a self-attention mechanism to dynamically assign higher weights to critical segments of historical data, effectively capturing both long-term trends and short-term fluctuations. Concurrently, the ASM employs unsupervised learning to detect and isolate anomalous patterns induced by extreme conditions, such as heavy rain, heat waves, or human festivals. Experiments on datasets sampled from California and Shandong Province demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in prediction accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency. Our framework thus holds promise for enhancing grid resilience and optimizing market operations in future power systems.

Chongyang Wan, Shunbo Lei, Yuan Luo

The increasing severity of climate change necessitates an urgent transition to renewable energy sources, making the large-scale adoption of wind energy crucial for mitigating environmental impact. However, the inherent uncertainty of wind power poses challenges for grid stability, underscoring the need for accurate wind energy prediction models to enable effective power system planning and operation. While many existing studies on wind power prediction focus on short-term forecasting, they often overlook the importance of long-term predictions. Long-term wind power forecasting is essential for effective power grid dispatch and market transactions, as it requires careful consideration of weather features such as wind speed and direction, which directly influence power output. Consequently, methods designed for short-term predictions may lead to inaccurate results and high computational costs in long-term settings. To adress these limitations, we propose a novel approach called Hybrid Frequency Feature Enhancement Inverted Transformer (Hiformer). Hiformer introduces a unique structure that integrates signal decomposition technology with weather feature extraction technique to enhance the modeling of correlations between meteorological conditions and wind power generation. Additionally, Hiformer employs an encoder-only architecture, which reduces the computational complexity associated with long-term wind power forecasting. Compared to the state-of-the-art methods, Hiformer: (i) can improve the prediction accuracy by up to 52.5\%; and (ii) can reduce computational time by up to 68.5\%.

Shunbo Lei, David Hong, Johanna L. Mathieu et al.

Commercial building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems have been studied for providing ancillary services to power grids via demand response (DR). One critical issue is to estimate the counterfactual baseline power consumption that would have prevailed without DR. Baseline methods have been developed based on whole building electric load profiles. New methods are necessary to estimate the baseline power consumption of HVAC sub-components (e.g., supply and return fans), which have different characteristics compared to that of the whole building. Tensor completion can estimate the unobserved entries of multi-dimensional tensors describing complex data sets. It exploits high-dimensional data to capture granular insights into the problem. This paper proposes to use it for baselining HVAC fan power, by utilizing its capability of capturing dominant fan power patterns. The tensor completion method is evaluated using HVAC fan power data from several buildings at the University of Michigan, and compared with several existing methods. The tensor completion method generally outperforms the benchmarks.