Elaheh Baharlouei

Moein Razavi, Samira Ziyadidegan, Reza Jahromi et al.

Background: Mental stress and its consequent mental disorders (MDs) are significant public health issues. With the advent of machine learning (ML), there's potential to harness computational techniques for better understanding and addressing these problems. This review seeks to elucidate the current ML methodologies employed in this domain to enhance the detection, prediction, and analysis of mental stress and MDs. Objective: This review aims to investigate the scope of ML methodologies used in the detection, prediction, and analysis of mental stress and MDs. Methods: Utilizing a rigorous scoping review process with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, this investigation delves into the latest ML algorithms, preprocessing techniques, and data types used in the context of stress and stress-related MDs. Results and Discussion: A total of 98 peer-reviewed publications were examined. The findings highlight that Support Vector Machine (SVM), Neural Network (NN), and Random Forest (RF) models consistently exhibit superior accuracy and robustness among ML algorithms. Physiological parameters such as heart rate measurements and skin response are prevalently used as stress predictors due to their rich explanatory information and ease of data acquisition. Dimensionality reduction techniques, including mappings, feature selection, filtering, and noise reduction, are frequently observed as crucial steps preceding the training of ML algorithms. Conclusion: This review identifies significant research gaps and outlines future directions for the field. These include model interpretability, model personalization, the incorporation of naturalistic settings, and real-time processing capabilities for the detection and prediction of stress and stress-related MDs. Keywords: Machine Learning; Deep Learning; Data Preprocessing; Stress Detection; Stress Prediction; Stress Monitoring; Mental Disorders

Elaheh Baharlouei, Mahsa Shafaei, Yigeng Zhang et al.

We address the challenge of detecting questionable content in online media, specifically the subcategory of comic mischief. This type of content combines elements such as violence, adult content, or sarcasm with humor, making it difficult to detect. Employing a multimodal approach is vital to capture the subtle details inherent in comic mischief content. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel end-to-end multimodal system for the task of comic mischief detection. As part of this contribution, we release a novel dataset for the targeted task consisting of three modalities: video, text (video captions and subtitles), and audio. We also design a HIerarchical Cross-attention model with CAPtions (HICCAP) to capture the intricate relationships among these modalities. The results show that the proposed approach makes a significant improvement over robust baselines and state-of-the-art models for comic mischief detection and its type classification. This emphasizes the potential of our system to empower users, to make informed decisions about the online content they choose to see. In addition, we conduct experiments on the UCF101, HMDB51, and XD-Violence datasets, comparing our model against other state-of-the-art approaches showcasing the outstanding performance of our proposed model in various scenarios.