J. Michael Rozmus

J. Michael Rozmus

28,000+ high-quality iris images of 1350 distinct eyes from 650+ different individuals from a relatively diverse university town population were collected. A small defined unobstructed portion of the normalized iris image is selected as a key portion for quickly identifying an unknown individual when submitting an iris image to be matched to a database of enrolled irises of the 1350 distinct eyes. The intrinsic dimension of a set of these key portions of the 1350 enrolled irises is measured to be about four (4). This set is mapped to a four-dimensional intrinsic space by principal components analysis (PCA). When an iris image is presented to the iris database for identification, the search begins in the neighborhood of the location of its key portion in the 4D intrinsic space, typically finding a correct identifying match after comparison to only a few percent of the database.

J. Michael Rozmus

The distinctiveness of the human iris has been measured by first extracting a set of features from the iris, an encoding, and then comparing these encoded feature sets to determine how distinct they are from one another. For example, John Daugman measures the distinctiveness of the human iris at 244 degrees of freedom, that is, Daugman's encoding maps irises into the equivalent of 2 ^ 244 distinct possibilities [2]. This paper shows by direct pixel-by-pixel comparison of high-quality iris images that the inherent number of degrees of freedom embodied in the human iris, independent of any encoding, is at least 536. When the resolution of these images is gradually reduced, the number of degrees of freedom decreases smoothly to 123 for the lowest resolution images tested.