John Li

Tom Gunter, Zirui Wang, Chong Wang et al.

We present foundation language models developed to power Apple Intelligence features, including a ~3 billion parameter model designed to run efficiently on devices and a large server-based language model designed for Private Cloud Compute. These models are designed to perform a wide range of tasks efficiently, accurately, and responsibly. This report describes the model architecture, the data used to train the model, the training process, how the models are optimized for inference, and the evaluation results. We highlight our focus on Responsible AI and how the principles are applied throughout the model development.

John Li, Shehab Sarar Ahmed, Deepak Nair

Despite the growing adoption of video processing via Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to their cost-effectiveness, transmitting captured data to nearby servers poses challenges due to varying timing constraints and scarcity of network bandwidth. Existing video compression methods face difficulties in recovering compressed data when incomplete data is provided. Here, we introduce FrameCorr, a deep-learning based solution that utilizes previously received data to predict the missing segments of a frame, enabling the reconstruction of a frame from partially received data.

Daniel Borkan, Lucas Dixon, John Li et al.

This report examines the Pinned AUC metric introduced and highlights some of its limitations. Pinned AUC provides a threshold-agnostic measure of unintended bias in a classification model, inspired by the ROC-AUC metric. However, as we highlight in this report, there are ways that the metric can obscure different kinds of unintended biases when the underlying class distributions on which bias is being measured are not carefully controlled.