Zhizhong Wu

Hongye Zheng, Bingxing Wang, Minheng Xiao et al.

Adaptive optimizers are pivotal in guiding the weight updates of deep neural networks, yet they often face challenges such as poor generalization and oscillation issues. To counter these, we introduce sigSignGrad and tanhSignGrad, two novel optimizers that integrate adaptive friction coefficients based on the Sigmoid and Tanh functions, respectively. These algorithms leverage short-term gradient information, a feature overlooked in traditional Adam variants like diffGrad and AngularGrad, to enhance parameter updates and convergence.Our theoretical analysis demonstrates the wide-ranging adjustment capability of the friction coefficient S, which aligns with targeted parameter update strategies and outperforms existing methods in both optimization trajectory smoothness and convergence rate. Extensive experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and Mini-ImageNet datasets using ResNet50 and ViT architectures confirm the superior performance of our proposed optimizers, showcasing improved accuracy and reduced training time. The innovative approach of integrating adaptive friction coefficients as plug-ins into existing optimizers, exemplified by the sigSignAdamW and sigSignAdamP variants, presents a promising strategy for boosting the optimization performance of established algorithms. The findings of this study contribute to the advancement of optimizer design in deep learning.

Zixiang Wang, Hao Yan, Yining Wang et al.

Reinforcement learning continuously optimizes decision-making based on real-time feedback reward signals through continuous interaction with the environment, demonstrating strong adaptive and self-learning capabilities. In recent years, it has become one of the key methods to achieve autonomous navigation of robots. In this work, an autonomous robot navigation method based on reinforcement learning is introduced. We use the Deep Q Network (DQN) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) models to optimize the path planning and decision-making process through the continuous interaction between the robot and the environment, and the reward signals with real-time feedback. By combining the Q-value function with the deep neural network, deep Q network can handle high-dimensional state space, so as to realize path planning in complex environments. Proximal policy optimization is a strategy gradient-based method, which enables robots to explore and utilize environmental information more efficiently by optimizing policy functions. These methods not only improve the robot's navigation ability in the unknown environment, but also enhance its adaptive and self-learning capabilities. Through multiple training and simulation experiments, we have verified the effectiveness and robustness of these models in various complex scenarios.

Hao Yan, Zixiang Wang, Zhengjia Xu et al.

Super-resolution reconstruction techniques entail the utilization of software algorithms to transform one or more sets of low-resolution images captured from the same scene into high-resolution images. In recent years, considerable advancement has been observed in the domain of single-image super-resolution algorithms, particularly those based on deep learning techniques. Nevertheless, the extraction of image features and nonlinear mapping methods in the reconstruction process remain challenging for existing algorithms. These issues result in the network architecture being unable to effectively utilize the diverse range of information at different levels. The loss of high-frequency details is significant, and the final reconstructed image features are overly smooth, with a lack of fine texture details. This negatively impacts the subjective visual quality of the image. The objective is to recover high-quality, high-resolution images from low-resolution images. In this work, an enhanced deep convolutional neural network model is employed, comprising multiple convolutional layers, each of which is configured with specific filters and activation functions to effectively capture the diverse features of the image. Furthermore, a residual learning strategy is employed to accelerate training and enhance the convergence of the network, while sub-pixel convolutional layers are utilized to refine the high-frequency details and textures of the image. The experimental analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed model on multiple public datasets when compared with the traditional bicubic interpolation method and several other learning-based super-resolution methods. Furthermore, it proves the model's efficacy in maintaining image edges and textures.

Zhizhong Wu, Jiajing Chen, LiangHao Tan et al.

This paper presents a lightweight image fusion algorithm specifically designed for merging visible light and infrared images, with an emphasis on balancing performance and efficiency. The proposed method enhances the generator in a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) by integrating the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to improve feature focus and utilizing Depthwise Separable Convolution (DSConv) for more efficient computations. These innovations significantly reduce the model's computational cost, including the number of parameters and inference latency, while maintaining or even enhancing the quality of the fused images. Comparative experiments using the M3FD dataset demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only outperforms similar image fusion methods in terms of fusion quality but also offers a more resource-efficient solution suitable for deployment on embedded devices. The effectiveness of the lightweight design is validated through extensive ablation studies, confirming its potential for real-time applications in complex environments.

Honglin Qin, Hongye Zheng, Bingxing Wang et al.

Currently, widely used first-order deep learning optimizers include non-adaptive learning rate optimizers and adaptive learning rate optimizers. The former is represented by SGDM (Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum), while the latter is represented by Adam. Both of these methods use exponential moving averages to estimate the overall gradient. However, estimating the overall gradient using exponential moving averages is biased and has a lag. This paper proposes an RSGDM algorithm based on differential correction. Our contributions are mainly threefold: 1) Analyze the bias and lag brought by the exponential moving average in the SGDM algorithm. 2) Use the differential estimation term to correct the bias and lag in the SGDM algorithm, proposing the RSGDM algorithm. 3) Experiments on the CIFAR datasets have proven that our RSGDM algorithm is superior to the SGDM algorithm in terms of convergence accuracy.

Liheng Jiang, Xuechun yang, Chang Yu et al.

Trauma is a significant cause of mortality and disability, particularly among individuals under forty. Traditional diagnostic methods for traumatic injuries, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, are often time-consuming and dependent on medical expertise, which can delay critical interventions. This study explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to improve the speed and accuracy of abdominal trauma diagnosis. We developed an advanced AI-based model combining 3D segmentation, 2D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) to enhance diagnostic performance. Our model processes abdominal CT scans to provide real-time, precise assessments, thereby improving clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Comprehensive experiments demonstrated that our approach significantly outperforms traditional diagnostic methods, as evidenced by rigorous evaluation metrics. This research sets a new benchmark for automated trauma detection, leveraging the strengths of AI and ML to revolutionize trauma care.

Wangying Yang, Zitao Zheng, Zhizhong Wu et al.

This study introduces a pioneering Dynamic Hypergraph Networks (DHCE) model designed to predict future medical diagnoses from electronic health records with enhanced accuracy. The DHCE model innovates by identifying and differentiating acute and chronic diseases within a patient's visit history, constructing dynamic hypergraphs that capture the complex, high-order interactions between diseases. It surpasses traditional recurrent neural networks and graph neural networks by effectively integrating clinical event data, reflected through medical language model-assisted encoding, into a robust patient representation. Through extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets, MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV, the DHCE model exhibits superior performance, significantly outpacing established baseline models in the precision of sequential diagnosis prediction.

Minheng Xiao, Zhizhong Wu

This paper introduces the Multiple Greedy Quasi-Newton (MGSR1-SP) method, a novel approach to solving strongly-convex-strongly-concave (SCSC) saddle point problems. Our method enhances the approximation of the squared indefinite Hessian matrix inherent in these problems, significantly improving both stability and efficiency through iterative greedy updates. We provide a thorough theoretical analysis of MGSR1-SP, demonstrating its linear-quadratic convergence rate. Numerical experiments conducted on AUC maximization and adversarial debiasing problems, compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, underscore our method's enhanced convergence rate. These results affirm the potential of MGSR1-SP to improve performance across a broad spectrum of machine learning applications where efficient and accurate Hessian approximations are crucial.

Liyang Wang, Yu Cheng, Xingxin Gu et al.

With the increasing complexity of financial markets and rapid growth in data volume, traditional risk monitoring methods no longer suffice for modern financial institutions. This paper designs and optimizes a risk monitoring system based on big data and machine learning. By constructing a four-layer architecture, it effectively integrates large-scale financial data and advanced machine learning algorithms. Key technologies employed in the system include Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Trees, and real-time data processing platform Apache Flink, ensuring the real-time and accurate nature of risk monitoring. Research findings demonstrate that the system significantly enhances efficiency and accuracy in risk management, particularly excelling in identifying and warning against market crash risks.

Zhizhong Wu

Recommendation systems play a crucial role in helping users filter through vast amounts of information. However, traditional recommendation algorithms often overlook the integration and utilization of multi-source information, limiting system performance. Therefore, this study proposes a novel recommendation model, Knowledge Graph Attention-assisted Network (KGAT-AX). We first incorporate the knowledge graph into the recommendation model, introducing an attention mechanism to explore higher order connectivity more explicitly. By using multilayer interactive information propagation, the model aggregates information to enhance its generalization ability. Furthermore, we integrate auxiliary information into entities through holographic embeddings, aggregating the information of adjacent entities for each entity by learning their inferential relationships. This allows for better utilization of auxiliary information associated with entities. We conducted experiments on real datasets to demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of the KGAT-AX model. Through experimental analysis, we observed the effectiveness and potential of KGAT-AX compared to other baseline models on public datasets. KGAT-AX demonstrates better knowledge information capture and relationship learning capabilities.

Shiquan Shen, Zhizhong Wu, Pan Zhang

With the development of deep learning technology, the detection and classification of distracted driving behaviour requires higher accuracy. Existing deep learning-based methods are computationally intensive and parameter redundant, limiting the efficiency and accuracy in practical applications. To solve this problem, this study proposes an improved YOLOv8 detection method based on the original YOLOv8 model by integrating the BoTNet module, GAM attention mechanism and EIoU loss function. By optimising the feature extraction and multi-scale feature fusion strategies, the training and inference processes are simplified, and the detection accuracy and efficiency are significantly improved. Experimental results show that the improved model performs well in both detection speed and accuracy, with an accuracy rate of 99.4%, and the model is smaller and easy to deploy, which is able to identify and classify distracted driving behaviours in real time, provide timely warnings, and enhance driving safety.