Jakob Kaiser

Yuhan Liu, Shuyao Zhou, Jakob Kaiser et al.

Policy researchers need scalable ways to surface public views, yet they often rely on interviews, listening sessions, and surveys-analyzed thematically-that are slow, expensive, and limited in scale and diversity. LLMs offer new possibilities for thematic analysis of unstructured text, yet we know little about how LLM-assisted workflows perform for policy research. Building on a workflow for LLM-assisted thematic analysis of online forums, we conduct a study with 11 policy researchers, who use an early prototype and see it as a quick, rough-and-ready input to their research. We then extend and scale the workflow to analyze millions of Reddit posts and 1,058 chatbot-led interview transcripts on a policy-relevant topic, treating these sources as rich and scalable data for policy discourse. We compare the synthesized themes to those from authoritative policy reports, identify points of alignment and divergence, and discuss what this implies for policy researchers adopting LLM-assisted workflows.

Christian Pehle, Sebastian Billaudelle, Benjamin Cramer et al.

Since the beginning of information processing by electronic components, the nervous system has served as a metaphor for the organization of computational primitives. Brain-inspired computing today encompasses a class of approaches ranging from using novel nano-devices for computation to research into large-scale neuromorphic architectures, such as TrueNorth, SpiNNaker, BrainScaleS, Tianjic, and Loihi. While implementation details differ, spiking neural networks - sometimes referred to as the third generation of neural networks - are the common abstraction used to model computation with such systems. Here we describe the second generation of the BrainScaleS neuromorphic architecture, emphasizing applications enabled by this architecture. It combines a custom analog accelerator core supporting the accelerated physical emulation of bio-inspired spiking neural network primitives with a tightly coupled digital processor and a digital event-routing network.

Eric Müller, Sebastian Schmitt, Christian Mauch et al.

BrainScaleS-1 is a wafer-scale mixed-signal accelerated neuromorphic system targeted for research in the fields of computational neuroscience and beyond-von-Neumann computing. The BrainScaleS Operating System (BrainScaleS OS) is a software stack giving users the possibility to emulate networks described in the high-level network description language PyNN with minimal knowledge of the system. At the same time, expert usage is facilitated by allowing to hook into the system at any depth of the stack. We present operation and development methodologies implemented for the BrainScaleS-1 neuromorphic architecture and walk through the individual components of BrainScaleS OS constituting the software stack for BrainScaleS-1 platform operation.