Gauri Gupta

Gauri Gupta, Ritvik Kapila, Keshav Gupta et al.

Unsupervised approaches for learning representations invariant to common transformations are used quite often for object recognition. Learning invariances makes models more robust and practical to use in real-world scenarios. Since data transformations that do not change the intrinsic properties of the object cause the majority of the complexity in recognition tasks, models that are invariant to these transformations help reduce the amount of training data required. This further increases the model's efficiency and simplifies training. In this paper, we investigate the generalization of invariant representations on out-of-distribution data and try to answer the question: Do model representations invariant to some transformations in a particular seen domain also remain invariant in previously unseen domains? Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that the invariant model learns unstructured latent representations that are robust to distribution shifts, thus making invariance a desirable property for training in resource-constrained settings.

Gauri Gupta, Ritvik Kapila, Ayush Chopra et al.

Pandemics, notably the recent COVID-19 outbreak, have impacted both public health and the global economy. A profound understanding of disease progression and efficient response strategies is thus needed to prepare for potential future outbreaks. In this paper, we emphasize the potential of Agent-Based Models (ABM) in capturing complex infection dynamics and understanding the impact of interventions. We simulate realistic pharmaceutical, behavioral, and digital interventions that mirror challenges in real-world policy adoption and suggest a holistic combination of these interventions for pandemic response. Using these simulations, we study the trends of emergent behavior on a large-scale population based on real-world socio-demographic and geo-census data from Kings County in Washington. Our analysis reveals the pivotal role of the initial 100 days in dictating a pandemic's course, emphasizing the importance of quick decision-making and efficient policy development. Further, we highlight that investing in behavioral and digital interventions can reduce the burden on pharmaceutical interventions by reducing the total number of infections and hospitalizations, and by delaying the pandemic's peak. We also infer that allocating the same amount of dollars towards extensive testing with contact tracing and self-quarantine offers greater cost efficiency compared to spending the entire budget on vaccinations.

Bhawesh Kumar, Charlie Lu, Gauri Gupta et al.

As large language models continue to be widely developed, robust uncertainty quantification techniques will become crucial for their safe deployment in high-stakes scenarios. In this work, we explore how conformal prediction can be used to provide uncertainty quantification in language models for the specific task of multiple-choice question-answering. We find that the uncertainty estimates from conformal prediction are tightly correlated with prediction accuracy. This observation can be useful for downstream applications such as selective classification and filtering out low-quality predictions. We also investigate the exchangeability assumption required by conformal prediction to out-of-subject questions, which may be a more realistic scenario for many practical applications. Our work contributes towards more trustworthy and reliable usage of large language models in safety-critical situations, where robust guarantees of error rate are required.