Zaid Pervaiz Bhat

Amala Sanjay Deshmukh, Kateryna Chumachenko, Tuomas Rintamaki et al. · nvidia

We introduce Nemotron Nano V2 VL, the latest model of the Nemotron vision-language series designed for strong real-world document understanding, long video comprehension, and reasoning tasks. Nemotron Nano V2 VL delivers significant improvements over our previous model, Llama-3.1-Nemotron-Nano-VL-8B, across all vision and text domains through major enhancements in model architecture, datasets, and training recipes. Nemotron Nano V2 VL builds on Nemotron Nano V2, a hybrid Mamba-Transformer LLM, and innovative token reduction techniques to achieve higher inference throughput in long document and video scenarios. We are releasing model checkpoints in BF16, FP8, and FP4 formats and sharing large parts of our datasets, recipes and training code.

Daochen Zha, Zaid Pervaiz Bhat, Kwei-Herng Lai et al.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making a profound impact in almost every domain. A vital enabler of its great success is the availability of abundant and high-quality data for building machine learning models. Recently, the role of data in AI has been significantly magnified, giving rise to the emerging concept of data-centric AI. The attention of researchers and practitioners has gradually shifted from advancing model design to enhancing the quality and quantity of the data. In this survey, we discuss the necessity of data-centric AI, followed by a holistic view of three general data-centric goals (training data development, inference data development, and data maintenance) and the representative methods. We also organize the existing literature from automation and collaboration perspectives, discuss the challenges, and tabulate the benchmarks for various tasks. We believe this is the first comprehensive survey that provides a global view of a spectrum of tasks across various stages of the data lifecycle. We hope it can help the readers efficiently grasp a broad picture of this field, and equip them with the techniques and further research ideas to systematically engineer data for building AI systems. A companion list of data-centric AI resources will be regularly updated on https://github.com/daochenzha/data-centric-AI

Daochen Zha, Zaid Pervaiz Bhat, Kwei-Herng Lai et al.

The role of data in building AI systems has recently been significantly magnified by the emerging concept of data-centric AI (DCAI), which advocates a fundamental shift from model advancements to ensuring data quality and reliability. Although our community has continuously invested efforts into enhancing data in different aspects, they are often isolated initiatives on specific tasks. To facilitate the collective initiative in our community and push forward DCAI, we draw a big picture and bring together three general missions: training data development, inference data development, and data maintenance. We provide a top-level discussion on representative DCAI tasks and share perspectives. Finally, we list open challenges. More resources are summarized at https://github.com/daochenzha/data-centric-AI

Aditi, Niket Agarwal, Arslan Ali et al.

We introduce Cosmos 3, a family of omnimodal world models designed to jointly process and generate language, image, video, audio, and action sequences within a unified mixture-of-transformers architecture. By supporting highly flexible input-output configurations, Cosmos 3 seamlessly unifies critical modalities for Physical AI -- effectively subsuming vision-language models, video generators, world simulators, and world-action models into a single framework. Our evaluation demonstrates that Cosmos 3 establishes a new state-of-the-art across a diverse suite of understanding and generation tasks, demonstrating omnimodal world models as scalable, general-purpose backbones for embodied agents. Our post-trained Cosmos 3 models were ranked as the best open-source Text-to-Image and Image-to-Video models by Artificial Analysis, and the best policy model by RoboArena at the time the technical report was written. To accelerate open research and deployment in Physical AI, we make our code, model checkpoints, curated synthetic datasets, and evaluation benchmark available under the Linux Foundation's OpenMDW-1.1 https://openmdw.ai/license/1-1/ License at https://github.com/nvidia/cosmos}{github.com/nvidia/cosmos and https://huggingface.co/collections/nvidia/cosmos3 . The project website is available at https://research.nvidia.com/labs/cosmos-lab/cosmos3 .

Amala Sanjay Deshmukh, Kateryna Chumachenko, Tuomas Rintamaki et al. · amazon-science, nvidia

We introduce Nemotron 3 Nano Omni, the latest model in the Nemotron multimodal series and the first to natively support audio inputs alongside text, images, and video. Nemotron 3 Nano Omni delivers consistent accuracy improvements over its predecessor, Nemotron Nano V2 VL, across all modalities, enabled by advances in architecture, training data and recipes. In particular, Nemotron 3 delivers leading results in real-world document understanding, long audio-video comprehension, and agentic computer use. Built on the highly efficient Nemotron 3 Nano 30B-A3B backbone, Nemotron 3 Nano Omni further incorporates innovative multimodal token-reduction techniques to deliver substantially lower inference latency and higher throughput than other models of similar size. We are releasing model checkpoints in BF16, FP8, and FP4 formats, along with portions of the training data and codebase to facilitate further research and development.

Nikhil Mehta, Jonathan Lorraine, Steve Masson et al.

When training deep learning models, the performance depends largely on the selected hyperparameters. However, hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is often one of the most expensive parts of model design. Classical HPO methods treat this as a black-box optimization problem. However, gray-box HPO methods, which incorporate more information about the setup, have emerged as a promising direction for more efficient optimization. For example, using intermediate loss evaluations to terminate bad selections. In this work, we propose an HPO method for neural networks using logged checkpoints of the trained weights to guide future hyperparameter selections. Our method, Forecasting Model Search (FMS), embeds weights into a Gaussian process deep kernel surrogate model, using a permutation-invariant graph metanetwork to be data-efficient with the logged network weights. To facilitate reproducibility and further research, we open-source our code at https://github.com/NVlabs/forecasting-model-search.

Guanchu Wang, Zaid Pervaiz Bhat, Zhimeng Jiang et al.

Deploying deep neural networks~(DNNs) on edge devices provides efficient and effective solutions for the real-world tasks. Edge devices have been used for collecting a large volume of data efficiently in different domains. DNNs have been an effective tool for data processing and analysis. However, designing DNNs on edge devices is challenging due to the limited computational resources and memory. To tackle this challenge, we demonstrate Object Detection System for Edge Devices~(BED) on the MAX78000 DNN accelerator. It integrates on-device DNN inference with a camera and an LCD display for image acquisition and detection exhibition, respectively. BED is a concise, effective and detailed solution, including model training, quantization, synthesis and deployment. The entire repository is open-sourced on Github, including a Graphical User Interface~(GUI) for on-chip debugging. Experiment results indicate that BED can produce accurate detection with a 300-KB tiny DNN model, which takes only 91.9 ms of inference time and 1.845 mJ of energy. The real-time detection is available at YouTube.

Daochen Zha, Zaid Pervaiz Bhat, Yi-Wei Chen et al.

Action recognition is an important task for video understanding with broad applications. However, developing an effective action recognition solution often requires extensive engineering efforts in building and testing different combinations of the modules and their hyperparameters. In this demo, we present AutoVideo, a Python system for automated video action recognition. AutoVideo is featured for 1) highly modular and extendable infrastructure following the standard pipeline language, 2) an exhaustive list of primitives for pipeline construction, 3) data-driven tuners to save the efforts of pipeline tuning, and 4) easy-to-use Graphical User Interface (GUI). AutoVideo is released under MIT license at https://github.com/datamllab/autovideo