Isarun Chamveha

Isarun Chamveha, Supphanut Chaiyungyuen, Sasinun Worakriangkrai et al.

This study presents a deep learning system for breast cancer detection in mammography, developed using a modified EfficientNetV2 architecture with enhanced attention mechanisms. The model was trained on mammograms from a major Thai medical center and validated on three distinct datasets: an in-domain test set (9,421 cases), a biopsy-confirmed set (883 cases), and an out-of-domain generalizability set (761 cases) collected from two different hospitals. For cancer detection, the model achieved AUROCs of 0.89, 0.96, and 0.94 on the respective datasets. The system's lesion localization capability, evaluated using metrics including Lesion Localization Fraction (LLF) and Non-Lesion Localization Fraction (NLF), demonstrated robust performance in identifying suspicious regions. Clinical validation through concordance tests showed strong agreement with radiologists: 83.5% classification and 84.0% localization concordance for biopsy-confirmed cases, and 78.1% classification and 79.6% localization concordance for out-of-domain cases. Expert radiologists' acceptance rate also averaged 96.7% for biopsy-confirmed cases, and 89.3% for out-of-domain cases. The system achieved a System Usability Scale score of 74.17 for source hospital, and 69.20 for validation hospitals, indicating good clinical acceptance. These results demonstrate the model's effectiveness in assisting mammogram interpretation, with the potential to enhance breast cancer screening workflows in clinical practice.

Isarun Chamveha, Trongtum Tongdee, Pairash Saiviroonporn et al.

Despite much promising research in the area of artificial intelligence for medical image diagnosis, there has been no large-scale validation study done in Thailand to confirm the accuracy and utility of such algorithms when applied to local datasets. Here we present a wide-reaching development and testing of a deep learning algorithm for automated thoracic disease detection, utilizing 421,859 local chest radiographs. Our study shows that convolutional neural networks can achieve remarkable performance in detecting 13 common abnormality conditions on chest X-ray, and the incorporation of local images into the training set is key to the model's success. This paper presents a state-of-the-art model for CXR abnormality detection, reaching an average AUROC of 0.91. This model, if integrated to the workflow, can result in up to 55.6% work reduction for medical practitioners in the CXR analysis process. Our work emphasizes the importance of investing in local research of medical diagnosis algorithms to ensure safe and efficient usage within the intended region.

Isarun Chamveha, Treethep Promwiset, Trongtum Tongdee et al.

We propose an algorithm for calculating the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) from chest X-ray films. Our approach applies a deep learning model based on U-Net with VGG16 encoder to extract lung and heart masks from chest X-ray images and calculate CTR from the extents of obtained masks. Human radiologists evaluated our CTR measurements, and $76.5\%$ were accepted to be included in medical reports without any need for adjustment. This result translates to a large amount of time and labor saved for radiologists using our automated tools.