Weican Liu

Hang Fan, Ying Lu, Weican Liu et al.

Accurate building load forecasting plays a critical role in facilitating demand response aggregation and optimizing energy management. However, the complex temporal dependencies and high volatility of building loads limit the improvement of prediction accuracy. To this end, we propose a novel end-to-end building load forecasting framework. Specifically, the framework can be divided into two main stages. In the two-stage data preprocessing module enhanced by interpretable feature selection, we utilize the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) algorithm to accurately detect and correct anomalies in the original building load series. Furthermore, we employ SVM-SHAP feature analysis to quantify the impact of environmental variables, filtering out critical feature combinations to mitigate redundancy. In the building load forecasting module, we propose the patch-based information fusion network (PIF-Net). This model applies patching technology to process input series into local blocks, extracting temporal features through a shared Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) network with residual connections. Subsequently, an information fusion module based on a customized gating mechanism integrates the ensemble hidden states to weight the importance of different temporal patches dynamically. Additionally, the framework is trained using a novel Error-weighted Adaptive Loss (EWAL) function. By combining a rational quadratic function and logarithmic loss to dynamically adjust penalty weights based on real-time prediction error distributions, EWAL significantly enhances the model's robustness under extreme load conditions. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed framework.

Hang Fan, Haoran Pei, Runze Liang et al.

Photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting plays a critical role in power system dispatch and market participation. Because PV generation is highly sensitive to weather conditions and cloud motion, accurate forecasting requires effective modeling of complex spatiotemporal dependencies across multiple information sources. Although recent studies have advanced AI-based forecasting methods, most fail to fuse temporal observations, satellite imagery, and textual weather information in a unified framework. This paper proposes Solar-VLM, a large-language-model-driven framework for multimodal PV power forecasting. First, modality-specific encoders are developed to extract complementary features from heterogeneous inputs. The time-series encoder adopts a patch-based design to capture temporal patterns from multivariate observations at each site. The visual encoder, built upon a Qwen-based vision backbone, extracts cloud-cover information from satellite images. The text encoder distills historical weather characteristics from textual descriptions. Second, to capture spatial dependencies across geographically distributed PV stations, a cross-site feature fusion mechanism is introduced. Specifically, a Graph Learner models inter-station correlations through a graph attention network constructed over a K-nearest-neighbor (KNN) graph, while a cross-site attention module further facilitates adaptive information exchange among sites. Finally, experiments conducted on data from eight PV stations in a northern province of China demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Our proposed model is publicly available at https://github.com/rhp413/Solar-VLM.