Biyan Zhou

Jason Yik, Korneel Van den Berghe, Douwe den Blanken et al. · eth-zurich

Neuromorphic computing shows promise for advancing computing efficiency and capabilities of AI applications using brain-inspired principles. However, the neuromorphic research field currently lacks standardized benchmarks, making it difficult to accurately measure technological advancements, compare performance with conventional methods, and identify promising future research directions. Prior neuromorphic computing benchmark efforts have not seen widespread adoption due to a lack of inclusive, actionable, and iterative benchmark design and guidelines. To address these shortcomings, we present NeuroBench: a benchmark framework for neuromorphic computing algorithms and systems. NeuroBench is a collaboratively-designed effort from an open community of researchers across industry and academia, aiming to provide a representative structure for standardizing the evaluation of neuromorphic approaches. The NeuroBench framework introduces a common set of tools and systematic methodology for inclusive benchmark measurement, delivering an objective reference framework for quantifying neuromorphic approaches in both hardware-independent (algorithm track) and hardware-dependent (system track) settings. In this article, we outline tasks and guidelines for benchmarks across multiple application domains, and present initial performance baselines across neuromorphic and conventional approaches for both benchmark tracks. NeuroBench is intended to continually expand its benchmarks and features to foster and track the progress made by the research community.

Shuai Dong, Junyi Yang, Biyan Zhou et al.

In deep networks, operations such as ReLU and hardware-driven clamping often cause activations to accumulate near the edges of the distribution, leading to biased clustering and suboptimal quantization in existing nonlinear (NL) quantization methods. This paper introduces Boundary Suppressed K-Means Quantization (BS-KMQ), a novel NL quantization approach designed to reduce the resolution requirements of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in in-memory computing (IMC) systems. By suppressing boundary outliers before clustering, BS-KMQ achieves more balanced and informative NL quantization levels. The resulting NL references are implemented using a reconfigurable in-memory NL-ADC, achieving a 7x area improvement over prior NL-ADC designs. When evaluated on ResNet-18, VGG-16, Inception-V3, and DistilBERT, BS-KMQ achieves at least 3x lower quantization error compared to linear, Lloyd-Max, cumulative distribution function (CDF), and K-means methods. It also improves post-training quantization accuracy by up to 66.8%, 25.4%, 66.6%, and 67.7%, respectively, compared to linear quantization. After low-bit fine-tuning, BS-KMQ maintains competitive accuracy with significantly fewer NL-ADC levels (3/3/4/4b). System-level simulations on ResNet-18 (6/2/3b) demonstrate up to a 4x speedup and 24x energy efficiency improvement over existing IMC accelerators.

Yuxuan Yao, Han Wu, Zhijiang Guo et al.

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across various tasks, yet they still exhibit limitations such as hallucination, unfaithful reasoning, and toxic content. One potential approach to mitigate these issues is learning from human or external feedback (e.g. tools). In this paper, we introduce an intrinsic self-correct reasoning framework for LLMs that eliminates the need for human feedback, external tools, and handcraft prompts. The proposed framework, based on a multi-step reasoning paradigm \textbf{Le}arning from \textbf{Co}rrectness (\textsc{LeCo}), improves reasoning performance without needing to learn from errors. This paradigm prioritizes learning from correct reasoning steps, and a unique method to measure confidence for each reasoning step based on generation logits. Experimental results across various multi-step reasoning tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework in improving reasoning performance with reduced token consumption.

Biyan Zhou, Pao-Sheng Vincent Sun, Arindam Basu

While it is important to make implantable brain-machine interfaces (iBMI) wireless to increase patient comfort and safety, the trend of increased channel count in recent neural probes poses a challenge due to the concomitant increase in the data rate. Extracting information from raw data at the source by using edge computing is a promising solution to this problem, with integrated intention decoders providing the best compression ratio. Recent benchmarking efforts have shown recurrent neural networks to be the best solution. Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) emerge as a promising solution for resource efficient neural decoding while Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks achieve the best accuracy. In this work, we show that combining traditional signal processing techniques, namely signal filtering, with SNNs improve their decoding performance significantly for regression tasks, closing the gap with LSTMs, at little added cost. Results with different filters are shown with Bessel filters providing best performance. Two block-bidirectional Bessel filters have been used--one for low latency and another for high accuracy. Adding the high accuracy variant of the Bessel filters to the output of ANN, SNN and variants provided statistically significant benefits with maximum gains of $\approx 5\%$ and $8\%$ in $R^2$ for two SNN topologies (SNN\_Streaming and SNN\_3D). Our work presents state of the art results for this dataset and paves the way for decoder-integrated-implants of the future.

Vivek Mohan, Biyan Zhou, Zhou Wang et al.

This work presents an efficient decoding pipeline for neuromorphic implantable brain-machine interfaces (Neu-iBMI), leveraging sparse neural event data from an event-based neural sensing scheme. We introduce a tunable event filter (EvFilter), which also functions as a spike detector (EvFilter-SPD), significantly reducing the number of events processed for decoding by 192X and 554X, respectively. The proposed pipeline achieves high decoding performance, up to R^2=0.73, with ANN- and SNN-based decoders, eliminating the need for signal recovery, spike detection, or sorting, commonly performed in conventional iBMI systems. The SNN-Decoder reduces computations and memory required by 5-23X compared to NN-, and LSTM-Decoders, while the ST-NN-Decoder delivers similar performance to an LSTM-Decoder requiring 2.5X fewer resources. This streamlined approach significantly reduces computational and memory demands, making it ideal for low-power, on-implant, or wearable iBMIs.