Yanzhe Xie

Kailun Huang, Zikang Xie, Yanzhe Xie et al.

Humans primarily rely on walking and running to traverse complex terrains, without resorting to unnecessarily complex motion patterns. Similarly, humanoid robots should achieve smooth transitions between walking and running while maintaining natural and stable locomotion. However, unifying gait transition and multi-terrain adaptation within a single policy remains challenging due to gradient interference and the distribution shift induced by terrain-dependent visual and dynamic variations. Although Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures can alleviate multi-skill interference, naive joint training often fails to yield clear expert specialization, limiting their effectiveness. To address these challenges, we propose CoRe-MoE, a two-stage reinforcement learning framework that decouples gait generation from terrain adaptation. In the first stage, a stable locomotion policy is learned to produce natural walking and running behaviors with smooth transitions. In the second stage, a terrain-aware MoE branch is introduced and trained with a contrastive objective to shape the gating network, enabling it to capture structured terrain representations and promote expert specialization. The final action is obtained via weighted fusion of the base gait policy and the terrain-aware branch, allowing the policy to preserve stable locomotion patterns while adapting to complex terrains. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms baseline approaches in terms of success rate, locomotion stability, and multi-terrain adaptability. Furthermore, zero-shot deployment on a Unitree G1 humanoid robot validates the effectiveness of our framework, achieving robust walking and running across stairs, slopes, steps, obstacles, and unstructured outdoor terrains, while maintaining accurate foothold placement and dynamic stability under external disturbances.

Yanheng Mai, Wenhao Xu, Zirui Huang et al.

Humanoid parkour requires locomotion policies to coordinate whole-body dynamics across rapidly changing terrains such as stairs, gaps, slopes, and obstacles. Existing reinforcement learning policies are largely reactive, mapping observations directly to actions without explicitly modeling future body states. Such modeling becomes critical in agile locomotion tasks where successful motion execution depends strongly on anticipating upcoming contact transitions and body dynamics.We present ParkourFormer, a Transformer-based sequence modeling framework that reformulates humanoid locomotion as a future-conditioned decision-making problem. The current robot state queries historical sensorimotor trajectories through cross-attention, while a lightweight prediction head forecasts short-horizon future proprioceptive states. The predicted future states, trained with supervised signals, are fused with temporal features to generate actions, enabling the policy to jointly reason over motion history and anticipated future dynamics. We evaluate ParkourFormer on a diverse multi-terrain humanoid parkour benchmark including stairs, gaps, slopes, rough terrain, and obstacle traversal. Experiments in simulation and on a real humanoid robot show that ParkourFormer achieves a 93.85% average traversal success rate on highly challenging terrains, with improvements of up to 42.73% over strong MLP, MoE-based MLP, and vanilla Transformer baselines, while maintaining a single unified policy across all terrain types. These results demonstrate that explicit future-state modeling significantly improves robustness and generalization for agile whole-body locomotion.