Dorin Ervin Dutkay, Palle E. T. Jorgensen
We establish a spectral duality for certain unbounded operators in Hilbert space. The class of operators includes discrete graph Laplacians arising from infinite weighted graphs. The problem in this context is to establish a practical approximation of infinite models with suitable sequences of finite models which in turn allow (relatively) easy computations. Let $X$ be an infinite set and let $\H$ be a Hilbert space of functions on $X$ with inner product $\ip{\cdot}{\cdot}=\ip{\cdot}{\cdot}_{\H}$. We will be assuming that the Dirac masses $δ_x$, for $x\in X$, are contained in $\H$. And we then define an associated operator $Δ$ in $\H$ given by $$(Δv)(x):=\ip{δ_x}{v}_{\H}.$$ Similarly, for every finite subset $F\subset X$, we get an operator $Δ_F$. If $F_1\subset F_2\subset...$ is an ascending sequence of finite subsets such that $\cup_{k\in\bn}F_k=X$, we are interested in the following two problems: (a) obtaining an approximation formula $$\lim_{k\to\infty}Δ_{F_k}=Δ;$$ and (b) establish a computational spectral analysis for the truncated operators $Δ_F$ in (a).