Francisco-Javier Sayas

Antonio Márquez, Salim Meddahi, Francisco-Javier Sayas

The aim of this paper is to propose a systematic way to obtain convergent finite element schemes for the Darcy-Stokes flow problem by combining well-known mixed finite elements that are separately convergent for Darcy and Stokes problems. In the approach in which the Darcy problem is set in its natural $\mathbf{H}(\text{div})$ formulation and the Stokes problem is expressed in velocity-pressure form, the transmission condition ensuring global mass conservation becomes essential. As opposed to the strategy that handles weakly this transmission condition through a Lagrange multiplier, we impose here this restriction exactly in the space of global velocity field. Our analysis of the Galerkin discretization of the resulting problem reveals that, if the mixed finite element space used in the Darcy domain admits an $\mathbf{H}(\text{div})$-stable discrete lifting of the normal trace, then it can be combined with any stable Stokes mixed finite element of the same order to deliver a stable global method with quasi-optimal convergence rate. Finally, we present a series of numerical tests confirming our theoretical convergence estimates.

Thomas Brown, Shukai Du, Hasan Eruslu et al.

We consider the problem of waves propagating in a viscoelastic solid. For the material properties of the solid we consider both classical and fractional differentiation in time versions of the Zener, Maxwell, and Voigt models, where the coupling of different models within the same solid are covered as well. Stability of each model is investigated in the Laplace domain, and these are then translated to time-domain estimates. With the use of semigroup theory, some time-domain results are also given which avoid using the Laplace transform and give sharper estimates. We take the time to develop and explain the theory necessary to understand the relation between the equations we solve in the Laplace domain and those in the time-domain which are written using the language of causal tempered distributions. Finally we offer some numerical experiments that highlight some of the differences between the models and how different parameters effect the results.

Mark Ainsworth, Johnny Guzmán, Francisco-Javier Sayas

The existence of uniformly bounded discrete extension operators is established for conforming Raviart-Thomas and Nédélec discretisations of $H(div)$ and $H(curl)$ on locally refined partitions of a polyhedral domain into tetrahedra.

Oscar P. Bruno, Victor Dominguez, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we present a convergence analysis for the Nystrom method proposed in [Jour. Comput. Phys. 169 pp. 2921-2934, 2001] for the solution of the combined boundary integral equation formulations of sound-soft acoustic scattering problems in three-dimensional space. This fast and efficient scheme combines FFT techniques and a polar change of variables that cancels out the kernel singularity. We establish the stability of the algorithms in the $L^2$ norm and we derive convergence estimates in both the $L^2$ and $L^\infty$ norms. In particular, our analysis establishes theoretically the previously observed super-algebraic convergence of the method in cases in which the right-hand side is smooth.

Victor Dominguez, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this work we establish some new estimates for layer potentials of the acoustic wave equation in the time domain, and for their associated retarded integral operators. These estimates are proven using time-domain estimates based on theory of evolution equations and improve known estimates that use the Laplace transform.

Antonio Márquez, Salim Meddahi, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We propose an efficient iterative method to solve the mixed Stokes-Dracy model for coupling fluid and porous media flow. The weak formulation of this problem leads to a coupled, indefinite, ill-conditioned and symmetric linear system of equations. We apply a decoupled preconditioning technique requiring only good solvers for the local mixed-Darcy and Stokes subproblems. We prove that the method is asymptotically optimal and confirm, with numerical experiments, that the performance of the preconditioners does not deteriorate on arbitrarily fine meshes.

Abner J. Salgado, Johnny Guzman, Francisco-Javier Sayas

The analysis of finite-element-like Galerkin discretization techniques for the stationary Stokes problem relies on the so-called LBB condition. In this work we discuss equivalent formulations of the LBB condition.

Matthew E. Hassell, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We study a symmetric BEM-FEM coupling scheme for the scattering of transient acoustic waves by bounded inhomogeneous anisotropic obstacles in a homogeneous field. An incident wave in free space interacts with the obstacles and produces a combination of transmission and scattering. The transmitted part of the wave is discretized in space by finite elements while the scattered wave is reduced to two fields defined on the boundary of the obstacles and is discretized in space with boundary elements. We choose a coupling formulation that leads to a symmetric system of integro-differential equations. The retarded boundary integral equations are discretized in time by Convolution Quadrature, and the interior field is discretized in time with the trapezoidal rule. We show that the scattering problem generates a C_0 group of isometries in a Hilbert space, and use associated estimates to derive stability and convergence results. We provide numerical experiments and simulations to validate our results and demonstrate the flexibility of the method.

Matthew Hassell, Tianyu Qiu, Tonatiuh Sanchez-Vizuet et al.

We present a novel analysis of the boundary integral operators associated to the wave equation. The analysis is done entirely in the time-domain by employing tools from abstract evolution equations in Hilbert spaces and semi-group theory. We prove a single general theorem from which well-posedness and regularity of the solutions for several boundary integral formulations can be deduced as particular cases. By careful choices of continuous and discrete spaces, we are able to provide a concise analysis for various direct and indirect formulations, both at the continuous level and for their Galerkin-in-space semi-discretizations. Some of the results here are improvements on previously known results, while other results are equivalent to those in the literature. The methodology presented here greatly simplifies the analysis of the operators of the Calderon projector for the wave equation and can be generalized for other relevant boundary integral equations.

Francisco-Javier Sayas, Virginia Selgas

In this paper we present a self-contained variational theory of the layer potentials for the Stokes problem on Lipschitz boundaries. We use these weak definitions to show how to prove the main theorems about the associated Calderón projector. Finally, we relate these variational definitions to the integral forms. Instead of working these relations from scratch, we show some formulas parametrizing the Stokes layer potentials in terms of those for the Lamé and Laplace operators. While all the results in this paper are well known for smooth domains, and most might be known for non-smooth domains, the approach is novel a gives a solid structure to the theory of Stokes layer potentials.

Lehel Banjai, Antonio Laliena, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we propose and analyze a fully discrete method for a direct boundary integral formulation of the scattering of a transient acoustic wave by a sound-soft obstacle. The method uses Galerkin-BEM in the space variables and three different choices of time-stepping strategies based on Convolution Quadrature. The numerical analysis of the method is carried out directly in the time domain, not reverting to Laplace transform techniques.

Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we present a battery of results related to how Galerkin semidiscretization in space affects some formulations of wave scattering and propagation problems when retarded boundary integral equations are used.

Victor Dominguez, Tonatiuh Sanchez-Vizuet, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we present a full discretization of the layer potentials and boundary integral operators for the elastic wave equation on a parametrizable smooth closed curve in the plane. The method can be understood as a non-conforming Petrov-Galerkin discretization, with a very precise choice of testing functions by symmetrically combining elements on two staggered grids, and using a look-around quadrature formula. Unlike in the acoustic counterpart of this work, the kernel of the elastic double layer operator includes a periodic Hilbert transform that requires a particular choice of the mixing parameters. We give mathematical justification of this fact. Finally, we test the method on some frequency domain and time domain problems, and demonstrate its applicability on smooth open arcs.

Tonatiuh Sanchez-Vizuet, Francisco-Javier Sayas

A coupled BEM/FEM formulation for the transient interaction between an acoustic field and a piezoelectric scatterer is proposed. The scattered part of the acoustic wave is represented in terms of retarded layer potentials while the elastic displacement and electric potential are treated variationally. This results in an integro-differential system. Well posedness of a general Galerkin semi-discretization in space of the problem is shown in the Laplace domain and translated into explicit stability bounds in the time domain. Trapezoidal-Rule and BDF2 Convolution Quadrature are used in combination with matching time stepping for time discretization. Second order convergence is proven for the BDF2-based method. Numerical experiments are provided for BDF2 and Trapezoidal Rule based time evolution.

Allan Hungria, Daniele Prada, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We derive and analyze a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method for approximating weak solutions to the equations of time-harmonic linear elasticity on a bounded Lipschitz domain in three dimensions. The real symmetry of the stress tensor is strongly enforced and its coefficients as well as those of the displacement vector field are approximated simultaneously at optimal convergence with respect to the choice of approximating spaces, wavenumber, and mesh size. Sufficient conditions are given so that the system is indeed transferable onto a global hybrid variable that, for larger polynomial degrees, may be approximated via a smaller-dimensional space than the original variables. We construct several variants of this method and discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and give a systematic approach to the error analysis for these methods. We touch briefly on the application of this error analysis to the time-dependent problem, and finally, we examine two different implementations of the method over various polynomial degrees and numerically demonstrate the convergence properties proven herein.

Tianyu Qiu, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we formulate a transmission problem for the transient acoustic wave equation as a system of retarded boundary integral equations. We then analyse a fully discrete method using a general Galerkin semidiscretization-in-space and Convolution Quadrature in time. All proofs are developed using recent techniques based on the theory of evolution equations. Some numerical experiments are provided.

Victor Dominguez, Sijiang L. Lu, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper, we present a fully discretized Calderón Calculus for the two dimensional Helmholtz equation. This full discretization can be understood as highly non-conforming Petrov-Galerkin methods, based on two staggered grids of mesh size $h$, Dirac delta distributions substituting acoustic charge densities and piecewise constant functions for approximating acoustic dipole densities. The resulting numerical schemes from this calculus are all of order $h^2$ provided that the continuous equations are well posed. We finish by presenting some numerical experiments illustrating the performance of this discrete calculus.

Tianyu Qiu, Alexander Rieder, Francisco-Javier Sayas et al.

This paper investigates the numerical modeling of a time-dependent heat transmission problem by the convolution quadrature boundary element method. It introduces the latest theoretical development into the error analysis of the numerical scheme. Semigroup theory is applied to obtain stability in spatial semidiscrete scheme. Functional calculus is employed to yield convergence in the fully discrete scheme. In comparison to the traditional Laplace domain approach, we show our approach gives better estimates.

Zhixing Fu, Norbert Heuer, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we propose and analyze a new coupling procedure for the Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Galerkin Boundary Element Methods based on a double layer potential representation of the exterior component of the solution of a transmission problem. We show a discrete uniform coercivity estimate for the non-symmetric bilinear form and prove optimal convergence estimates for all the variables, as well as superconvergence for some of the discrete fields. Some numerical experiments support the theoretical findings.

Norbert Heuer, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We analyze a non-symmetric coupling of interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin and boundary element methods in two and three dimensions. Main results are discrete coercivity of the method, and thus unique solvability, and quasi-optimal convergence. The proof of coercivity is based on a localized variant of the variational technique from [F.-J. Sayas, The validity of Johnson-Nédeléc's BEM-FEM coupling on polygonal interfaces, {\em SIAM J. Numer. Anal.}, 47(5):3451--3463, 2009]. This localization gives rise to terms which are carefully analyzed in fractional order Sobolev spaces, and by using scaling arguments for rigid transformations. Numerical evidence of the proven convergence properties has been published previously.

Victor Dominguez, Sijiang L. Lu, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we propose and analyze a class of simple Nyström discretizations of the hypersingular integral equation for the Helmholtz problem on domains of the plane with smooth parametrizable boundary. The method depends on a parameter (related to the staggering of two underlying grids) and we show that two choices of this parameter produce convergent methods of order two, while all other stable methods provide methods of order one. Convergence is shown for the density (in uniform norm) and for the potential postprocessing of the solution. Some numerical experiments are given to illustrate the performance of the method.

Hasan Eruslu, Francisco-Javier Sayas

This document is made up of two different units. One of them is a regular terse research article, whereas the other one is the detailed and independently written explanations for the paper, so that readers of the short paper do not need to go over all the cumbersome computations. The goal is to clarify the dependence with respect to the time variable of some estimates about the convergence of the Trapezoidal Rule based Convolution Quadrature method applied to hyperbolic problems. This requires a careful investigation of the article of Lehel Banjai where the first convergence estimates were introduced, and of some technical results from a classical paper of Christian Lubich.

Thomas S. Brown, Tonatiuh Sánchez-Vizuet, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We consider a model problem of the scattering of linear acoustic waves in free homogeneous space by an elastic solid. The stress tensor in the solid combines the effect of a linear dependence of strains with the influence of an existing electric field. The system is closed using Gauss's law for the associated electric displacement. Well-posedness of the system is studied by its reformulation as a first order in space and time differential system with help of an elliptic lifting operator. We then proceed to studying a semidiscrete formulation, corresponding to an abstract Finite Element discretization in the electric and elastic fields, combined with an abstract Boundary Element approximation of a retarded potential representation of the acoustic field. The results obtained with this approach improve estimates obtained with Laplace domain techniques. While numerical experiments illustrating convergence of a fully discrete version of this problem had already been published, we demonstrate some properties of the full model with some simulations for the two dimensional case.

George Hsiao, Tonatiuh Sanchez-Vizuet, Francisco-Javier Sayas et al.

This paper presents a combined field and boundary integral equation method for solving the time-dependent scattering problem of a thermoelastic body immersed in a compressible, inviscid and homogeneous fluid. The approach here is a generalization of the coupling procedure employed by the authors for the treatment of the time-dependent fluid-structure interaction problem. Using an integral representation of the solution in the infinite exterior domain occupied by the fluid, the problem is reduced to one defined only over the finite region occupied by the solid, with nonlocal boundary conditions. The nonlocal boundary problem is analyzed with Lubich's approach for time-dependent boundary integral equations. Existence and uniqueness results are established in terms of time-domain data with the aid of Laplace-domain techniques. Galerkin semi-discretization approximations are derived and error estimates are obtained. A full discretization based on the Convolution Quadrature method is also outlined. Some numerical experiments in 2D are also included in order to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the procedure.

Tianyu Qiu, Francisco-Javier Sayas

We show some improved mapping properties of the Time Domain Electric Field Integral Equation and of its Galerkin semidiscretization in space. We relate the weak distributional framework with a stronger class of solutions using a group of strongly continuous operators. The stability and error estimates we derive are sharper than those in the literature.

Christoph Erath, Günther Of, Francisco-Javier Sayas

As model problem we consider the prototype for flow and transport of a concentration in porous media in an interior domain and couple it with a diffusion process in the corresponding unbounded exterior domain. To solve the problem we develop a new non-symmetric coupling between the vertex-centered finite volume and boundary element method. This discretization provides naturally conservation of local fluxes and with an upwind option also stability in the convection dominated case. We aim to provide a first rigorous analysis of the system for different model parameters; stability, convergence, and a~priori estimates. This includes the use of an implicit stabilization, known from the finite element and boundary element method coupling. Some numerical experiments conclude the work and confirm the theoretical results.

Constantin Bacuta, Matthew E. Hassell, George C. Hsiao et al.

This paper proposes and analyzes a full discretization of the exterior transient Stokes problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The method is based on a single layer boundary integral representation, using Galerkin semidiscretization in the space variables and multistep Convolution Quadrature in time. Convergence estimates are based on a Laplace domain analysis, which translates into a detailed study of the exterior Brinkman problem. Some numerical experiments are provided.

Victor Dominguez, Norbert Heuer, Francisco-Javier Sayas

In this paper we study the Hilbert scales defined by the associated Legendre functions for arbitrary integer values of the parameter. This problem is equivalent to study the left-definite spectral theory associated to the modified Legendre equation. We give several characterizations of the spaces as weighted Sobolev spaces and prove identities among the spaces corresponding to lower regularity index.