Kaname Matsue

Akitoshi Takayasu, Kaname Matsue, Takiko Sasaki et al.

This paper focuses on blow-up solutions of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We present a method for validating blow-up solutions and their blow-up times, which is based on compactifications and the Lyapunov function validation method. The necessary criteria for this construction can be verified using interval arithmetic techniques. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of our method.

Kaname Matsue, Tomohiro Hiwaki, Nobito Yamamoto

Computer assisted procedures of Lyapunov functions defined in given neighborhoods of fixed points for flows and maps are discussed. We provide a systematic methodology for constructing explicit ranges where quadratic Lyapunov functions exist in two stages; negative definiteness of associating matrices and direct approach. We note that the former is equivalent to the procedure of cones describing enclosures of the stable and the unstable manifolds of invariant sets, which gives us flexible discussions of asymptotic behavior not only around equilibria for flows but also fixed points for maps. Additionally, our procedure admits a re-parameterization of trajectories in terms of values of Lyapunov functions. Several verification examples are shown for discussions of applicability.

Kaname Matsue

We provide a rigorous numerical computation method to validate periodic, homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits as the continuation of singular limit orbits for the fast-slow system $x' = f(x,y,ε), y' = εg(x,y,ε)$ with one-dimensional slow variable $y$. Our validation procedure is based on topological tools called isolating blocks, cone condition and covering relations. Such tools provide us with existence theorems of global orbits which shadow singular orbits in terms of a new concept, the covering-exchange. Additional techniques called slow shadowing and $m$-cones are also developed. These techniques give us not only generalized topological verification theorems, but also easy implementations for validating trajectories near slow manifolds in a wide range, via rigorous numerics. Our procedure is available to validate global orbits not only for sufficiently small $ε> 0$ but all $ε$ in a given half-open interval $(0,ε_0]$. Several sample verification examples are shown as a demonstration of applicability.

Kaname Matsue, Akitoshi Takayasu

Our concerns here are blow-up solutions for ODEs with exponential nonlinearity from the viewpoint of dynamical systems and their numerical validations. As an example, the finite difference discretization of $u_t = u_{xx} + e^{u^m}$ with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition is considered. Our idea is based on compactification of phase spaces and time-scale desingularization as in previous works. In the present case, treatment of exponential nonlinearity is the main issue. Fortunately, under a kind of exponential homogeneity of vector field, we can treat the problem in the same way as polynomial vector fields. In particular, we can characterize and validate blow-up solutions with their blow-up times for differential equations with such exponential nonlinearity in the similar way to previous works. A series of technical treatments of exponential nonlinearity in blow-up problems is also shown with concrete validation examples.

Kaname Matsue

This paper aims at providing rigorous numerical computation procedure for finite-time singularities in dynamical systems. Combination of time-scale desingularization as well as Lyapunov functions validation on stable manifolds of invariant sets for desingularized vector fields with standard integration procedure for ordinary differential equations give us validated trajectories of dynamical systems involving finite-time singularities. Our focus includes finite-time extinction, traveling wave solutions with half-line or compact support, and singular canards in fast-slow systems, including rigorous validations of enclosures of extinction, finite-passage times or size of supports for compactons. Such validated solutions lead to a plenty of composite wave solutions for degenerate parabolic equations, for example, with concrete information of profiles and evolutions. The present procedure also provides a universal aspect of finite-time singularities with rigorous numerics, combining with rigorous numerics of blow-up solutions in preceding works.

Kaname Matsue

We provide a rigorous numerical computation method to validate tubular neighborhoods of normally hyperbolic slow manifolds with the explicit radii for the fast-slow system \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} x' = f(x,y,ε), and y' =εg(x,y,ε). & \end{cases} \end{equation*} Our main focus is the validation of the continuous family of eigenpairs $\{λ_i(y;ε), u_i(y;ε)\}_{i=1}^n$ of $f_x(h_ε(y),y,ε)$ over the slow manifold $S_ε= \{x = h_ε(y)\}$ admitting the graph representation. In order to obtain such a family, we apply the interval Newton-like method with rigorous numerics. The validated family of eigenvectors generates a vector bundle over $S_ε$ determining normally hyperbolic eigendirections rigorously. The generated vector bundle enables us to construct a tubular neighborhood centered at slow manifolds with explicit radii. Combining rate conditions for providing smoothness of center-(un)stable manifolds, we can validate smooth tubular neighborhoods with diffeomorphic family of affine change of coordinates, as well as several extensions such as conic and star-shaped neighborhoods. Our procedure provides a systematic construction of smooth neighborhoods of slow manifolds in an explicit range $[0,ε_0]$ of $ε$ with rigorous numerics.

Kaname Matsue, Akitoshi Takayasu

We provide a numerical validation method of blow-up solutions for finite dimensional vector fields admitting asymptotic quasi-homogeneity at infinity. Our methodology is based on quasi-homogeneous compactifications containing a new compactification, which shall be called a quasi-parabolic compactification. Divergent solutions including blow-up solutions then correspond to global trajectories of associated vector fields with appropriate time-variable transformation tending to equilibria on invariant manifolds representing infinity. We combine standard methodology of rigorous numerical integration of differential equations with Lyapunov function validations around equilibria corresponding to divergent directions, which yields rigorous upper and lower bounds of blow-up times as well as rigorous profile enclosures of blow-up solutions.