Han‐Teng Liao

Han-Teng Liao, Chang-Yi Kao

As the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) approaches, the global semiconductor value chain faces growing structural tensions between regulatory transparency and data sovereignty. This article proposes a RegTech reference architecture using the International Data Spaces (IDSA) framework to orchestrate trustworthy environmental telemetry across the semiconductor-petrochemical nexus. The framework distinguishes the mandatory CBAM requirements from voluntary Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) frameworks, while addressing the additive complexities of the Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) framework. Moving beyond standard linear technology stacks, we introduce a prospective roadmapping methodology that transforms upstream physical vulnerabilities into circular, negative feedback loops. Focusing on the Taipei and Penang technology corridor, the article details how sovereign data exchange enables Digital Product Passports (DPPs) to drive Global Business Services (GBSs) capability demands. Finally, we discuss the integration of Agentic AI for autonomous compliance and FinTech green financing, providing a scalable blueprint for global industrial clusters to achieve sovereign, sustainable, and transparent value chains.

Han-Teng Liao, Karen Ang

Global Business Services (GBS) have emerged as a "living laboratory" for the Twin Transition of Green and Digital Transformation, as multinational corporations (MNCs) face increasing pressure to harmonize digital efficiency with environmental stewardship. Aiming to derive a socio-technical framework, this paper synthesizes Technology Roadmapping (TRM) with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ICT-centric innovation ecosystem toolkit. A bibliometric analysis of research clusters reveals an evolutionary shift from basic process automation toward "Sustainable Intelligence," identifying the GBS unit as a central "operational airlock" that mediates between landscape pressures -- such as the EU's dual mandate and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanisms -- and niche innovations in AI-native workflows. The study further maps these clusters onto a stakeholder engagement canvas, highlighting how resilient "Middle Power" hubs in Poland, Portugal, and Malaysia are bypassing the middle-income trap to provide a "third way" for global value chains amidst a bifurcated geopolitical cloud. The results offer a data-driven design approach for leaders and entrepreneurial support networks to orchestrate talent and supply chain flows, thereby enriching the conceptual understanding of Industry 5.0 and the role of GBS as a primary mechanism for navigating a volatile, multipolar digital economy.

Han-Teng Liao, King-wa Fu, Scott A. Hale

This paper presents a multilingual study on, per single post of microblog text, (a) how much can be said, (b) how much is written in terms of characters and bytes, and (c) how much is said in terms of information content in posts by different organizations in different languages. Focusing on three different languages (English, Chinese, and Japanese), this research analyses Weibo and Twitter accounts of major embassies and news agencies. We first establish our criterion for quantifying "how much can be said" in a digital text based on the openly available Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the translated subtitles from TED talks. These parallel corpora allow us to determine the number of characters and bits needed to represent the same content in different languages and character encodings. We then derive the amount of information that is actually contained in microblog posts authored by selected accounts on Weibo and Twitter. Our results confirm that languages with larger character sets such as Chinese and Japanese contain more information per character than English, but the actual information content contained within a microblog text varies depending on both the type of organization and the language of the post. We conclude with a discussion on the design implications of microblog text limits for different languages.