Hangyu Du

Ming Sun, Rui Wang, Xingrui Yu et al.

Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) support generalist robotic control by enabling end-to-end decision policies directly from multi-modal inputs. As trained VLAs are increasingly shared and adapted, protecting model ownership becomes essential for secure deployment and responsible open-source usage. In this paper, we present GuardVLA, the first backdoor-based ownership verification framework specifically designed for VLAs. GuardVLA embeds a stealthy and harmless backdoor watermark into the protected model during training by injecting secret messages into embodied visual data. For post-release verification, we propose a swap-and-detect mechanism, in which the trigger projector and an external classifier head are used to activate and detect the embedded backdoor based on prediction probabilities. Extensive experiments across multiple datasets, model architectures, and adaptation settings demonstrate that GuardVLA enables reliable ownership verification while preserving benign task performance. Further results show that the embedded watermark remains detectable under post-release model adaptation.

Hangyu Du, Chee-Meng Chew

In recent years, fully differentiable end-to-end autonomous driving systems have become a research hotspot in the field of intelligent transportation. Among various research directions, automatic parking is particularly critical as it aims to enable precise vehicle parking in complex environments. In this paper, we present a purely vision-based transformer model for end-to-end automatic parking, trained using expert trajectories. Given camera-captured data as input, the proposed model directly outputs future trajectory coordinates. Experimental results demonstrate that the various errors of our model have decreased by approximately 50% in comparison with the current state-of-the-art end-to-end trajectory prediction algorithm of the same type. Our approach thus provides an effective solution for fully differentiable automatic parking.