Shakil Ahmed

Danush Venkateshperumal, Rahman Abdul Rafi, Shakil Ahmed et al.

Emergency communication systems face disruptions due to packet loss, bandwidth constraints, poor signal quality, delays, and jitter in VoIP systems, leading to degraded real-time service quality. Victims in distress often struggle to convey critical information due to panic, speech disorders, and background noise, further complicating dispatchers' ability to assess situations accurately. Staffing shortages in emergency centers exacerbate delays in coordination and assistance. This paper proposes leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) to address these challenges by reconstructing incomplete speech, filling contextual gaps, and prioritizing calls based on severity. The system integrates real-time transcription with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to generate contextual responses, using Twilio and AssemblyAI APIs for seamless implementation. Evaluation shows high precision, favorable BLEU and ROUGE scores, and alignment with real-world needs, demonstrating the model's potential to optimize emergency response workflows and prioritize critical cases effectively.

Khan Md. Hasib, Md. Sadiq Iqbal, Faisal Muhammad Shah et al.

The problem of class imbalance is extensive for focusing on numerous applications in the real world. In such a situation, nearly all of the examples are labeled as one class called majority class, while far fewer examples are labeled as the other class usually, the more important class is called minority. Over the last few years, several types of research have been carried out on the issue of class imbalance, including data sampling, cost-sensitive analysis, Genetic Programming based models, bagging, boosting, etc. Nevertheless, in this survey paper, we enlisted the 24 related studies in the years 2003, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014 to 2019, focusing on the architecture of single, hybrid, and ensemble method design to understand the current status of improving classification output in machine learning techniques to fix problems with class imbalances. This survey paper also includes a statistical analysis of the classification algorithms under various methods and several other experimental conditions, as well as datasets used in different research papers.