Ye Tang

Ao Shen, Xueming Fu, Junfeng Jiang et al.

Computed Tomography (CT)/X-ray registration in image-guided navigation remains challenging because of its stringent requirements for high accuracy and real-time performance. Traditional "render and compare" methods, relying on iterative projection and comparison, suffer from spatial information loss and domain gap. 3D reconstruction from biplanar X-rays supplements spatial and shape information for 2D/3D registration, but current methods are limited by dense-view requirements and struggles with noisy X-rays. To address these limitations, we introduce RadGS-Reg, a novel framework for vertebral-level CT/X-ray registration through joint 3D Radiative Gaussians (RadGS) reconstruction and 3D/3D registration. Specifically, our biplanar X-rays vertebral RadGS reconstruction module explores learning-based RadGS reconstruction method with a Counterfactual Attention Learning (CAL) mechanism, focusing on vertebral regions in noisy X-rays. Additionally, a patient-specific pre-training strategy progressively adapts the RadGS-Reg from simulated to real data while simultaneously learning vertebral shape prior knowledge. Experiments on in-house datasets demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance for both tasks, surpassing existing methods. The code is available at: https://github.com/shenao1995/RadGS_Reg.

Zhenzhi Wu, Hehui Zhang, Yihan Lin et al.

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) based on Leaky Integrate and Fire (LIF) model have been applied to energy-efficient temporal and spatiotemporal processing tasks. Thanks to the bio-plausible neuronal dynamics and simplicity, LIF-SNN benefits from event-driven processing, however, usually faces the embarrassment of reduced performance. This may because in LIF-SNN the neurons transmit information via spikes. To address this issue, in this work, we propose a Leaky Integrate and Analog Fire (LIAF) neuron model, so that analog values can be transmitted among neurons, and a deep network termed as LIAF-Net is built on it for efficient spatiotemporal processing. In the temporal domain, LIAF follows the traditional LIF dynamics to maintain its temporal processing capability. In the spatial domain, LIAF is able to integrate spatial information through convolutional integration or fully-connected integration. As a spatiotemporal layer, LIAF can also be used with traditional artificial neural network (ANN) layers jointly. Experiment results indicate that LIAF-Net achieves comparable performance to Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Long short-term memory (LSTM) on bAbI Question Answering (QA) tasks, and achieves state-of-the-art performance on spatiotemporal Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS) datasets, including MNIST-DVS, CIFAR10-DVS and DVS128 Gesture, with much less number of synaptic weights and computational overhead compared with traditional networks built by LSTM, GRU, Convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) or 3D convolution (Conv3D). Compared with traditional LIF-SNN, LIAF-Net also shows dramatic accuracy gain on all these experiments. In conclusion, LIAF-Net provides a framework combining the advantages of both ANNs and SNNs for lightweight and efficient spatiotemporal information processing.