Jing Li

Huiyu Duan, Wei Shen, Xiongkuo Min et al.

With the rapid development of multimedia technology, Augmented Reality (AR) has become a promising next-generation mobile platform. The primary theory underlying AR is human visual confusion, which allows users to perceive the real-world scenes and augmented contents (virtual-world scenes) simultaneously by superimposing them together. To achieve good Quality of Experience (QoE), it is important to understand the interaction between two scenarios, and harmoniously display AR contents. However, studies on how this superimposition will influence the human visual attention are lacking. Therefore, in this paper, we mainly analyze the interaction effect between background (BG) scenes and AR contents, and study the saliency prediction problem in AR. Specifically, we first construct a Saliency in AR Dataset (SARD), which contains 450 BG images, 450 AR images, as well as 1350 superimposed images generated by superimposing BG and AR images in pair with three mixing levels. A large-scale eye-tracking experiment among 60 subjects is conducted to collect eye movement data. To better predict the saliency in AR, we propose a vector quantized saliency prediction method and generalize it for AR saliency prediction. For comparison, three benchmark methods are proposed and evaluated together with our proposed method on our SARD. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method on both of the common saliency prediction problem and the AR saliency prediction problem over benchmark methods. Our dataset and code are available at: https://github.com/DuanHuiyu/ARSaliency.

Qidan Zhu, Jing Li, Fei Yuan et al.

Continuous Sign Language Recognition (CSLR) is a challenging research task due to the lack of accurate annotation on the temporal sequence of sign language data. The recent popular usage is a hybrid model based on "CNN + RNN" for CSLR. However, when extracting temporal features in these works, most of the methods using a fixed temporal receptive field and cannot extract the temporal features well for each sign language word. In order to obtain more accurate temporal features, this paper proposes a multi-scale temporal network (MSTNet). The network mainly consists of three parts. The Resnet and two fully connected (FC) layers constitute the frame-wise feature extraction part. The time-wise feature extraction part performs temporal feature learning by first extracting temporal receptive field features of different scales using the proposed multi-scale temporal block (MST-block) to improve the temporal modeling capability, and then further encoding the temporal features of different scales by the transformers module to obtain more accurate temporal features. Finally, the proposed multi-level Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss part is used for training to obtain recognition results. The multi-level CTC loss enables better learning and updating of the shallow network parameters in CNN, and the method has no parameter increase and can be flexibly embedded in other models. Experimental results on two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our method can effectively extract sign language features in an end-to-end manner without any prior knowledge, improving the accuracy of CSLR and achieving competitive results.

Qidan Zhu, Jing Li, Fei Yuan et al.

Aiming at the problem that the spatial-temporal hierarchical continuous sign language recognition model based on deep learning has a large amount of computation, which limits the real-time application of the model, this paper proposes a temporal super-resolution network(TSRNet). The data is reconstructed into a dense feature sequence to reduce the overall model computation while keeping the final recognition accuracy loss to a minimum. The continuous sign language recognition model(CSLR) via TSRNet mainly consists of three parts: frame-level feature extraction, time series feature extraction and TSRNet, where TSRNet is located between frame-level feature extraction and time-series feature extraction, which mainly includes two branches: detail descriptor and rough descriptor. The sparse frame-level features are fused through the features obtained by the two designed branches as the reconstructed dense frame-level feature sequence, and the connectionist temporal classification(CTC) loss is used for training and optimization after the time-series feature extraction part. To better recover semantic-level information, the overall model is trained with the self-generating adversarial training method proposed in this paper to reduce the model error rate. The training method regards the TSRNet as the generator, and the frame-level processing part and the temporal processing part as the discriminator. In addition, in order to unify the evaluation criteria of model accuracy loss under different benchmarks, this paper proposes word error rate deviation(WERD), which takes the error rate between the estimated word error rate (WER) and the reference WER obtained by the reconstructed frame-level feature sequence and the complete original frame-level feature sequence as the WERD. Experiments on two large-scale sign language datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Qidan Zhu, Jing Li, Fei Yuan et al.

The goal of continuous sign language recognition(CSLR) research is to apply CSLR models as a communication tool in real life, and the real-time requirement of the models is important. In this paper, we address the model real-time problem through cross-resolution knowledge distillation. In our study, we found that keeping the frame-level feature scales consistent between the output of the student network and the teacher network is better than recovering the frame-level feature sizes for feature distillation. Based on this finding, we propose a new frame-level feature extractor that keeps the output frame-level features at the same scale as the output of by the teacher network. We further combined with the TSCM+2D hybrid convolution proposed in our previous study to form a new lightweight end-to-end CSLR network-Low resolution input net(LRINet). It is then used to combine cross-resolution knowledge distillation and traditional knowledge distillation methods to form a CSLR model based on cross-resolution knowledge distillation (CRKD). The CRKD uses high-resolution frames as input to the teacher network for training, locks the weights after training, and then uses low-resolution frames as input to the student network LRINet to perform knowledge distillation on frame-level features and classification features respectively. Experiments on two large-scale continuous sign language datasets have proved the effectiveness of CRKD. Compared with the model with high-resolution data as input, the calculation amount, parameter amount and inference time of the model have been significantly reduced under the same experimental conditions, while ensuring the accuracy of the model, and has achieved very competitive results in comparison with other advanced methods.

Qidan Zhu, Jing Li, Fei Yuan et al.

The ultimate goal of continuous sign language recognition(CSLR) is to facilitate the communication between special people and normal people, which requires a certain degree of real-time and deploy-ability of the model. However, in the previous research on CSLR, little attention has been paid to the real-time and deploy-ability. In order to improve the real-time and deploy-ability of the model, this paper proposes a zero parameter, zero computation temporal superposition crossover module(TSCM), and combines it with 2D convolution to form a "TSCM+2D convolution" hybrid convolution, which enables 2D convolution to have strong spatial-temporal modelling capability with zero parameter increase and lower deployment cost compared with other spatial-temporal convolutions. The overall CSLR model based on TSCM is built on the improved ResBlockT network in this paper. The hybrid convolution of "TSCM+2D convolution" is applied to the ResBlock of the ResNet network to form the new ResBlockT, and random gradient stop and multi-level CTC loss are introduced to train the model, which reduces the final recognition WER while reducing the training memory usage, and extends the ResNet network from image classification task to video recognition task. In addition, this study is the first in CSLR to use only 2D convolution extraction of sign language video temporal-spatial features for end-to-end learning for recognition. Experiments on two large-scale continuous sign language datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and achieve highly competitive results.

Jiahao Wang, Ramen Liu, Longhui Zhang et al.

This paper presents our system for CCL25-Eval Task 10, addressing Fine-Grained Chinese Hate Speech Recognition (FGCHSR). We propose a novel SRAG-MAV framework that synergistically integrates task reformulation(TR), Self-Retrieval-Augmented Generation (SRAG), and Multi-Round Accumulative Voting (MAV). Our method reformulates the quadruplet extraction task into triplet extraction, uses dynamic retrieval from the training set to create contextual prompts, and applies multi-round inference with voting to improve output stability and performance. Our system, based on the Qwen2.5-7B model, achieves a Hard Score of 26.66, a Soft Score of 48.35, and an Average Score of 37.505 on the STATE ToxiCN dataset, significantly outperforming baselines such as GPT-4o (Average Score 15.63) and fine-tuned Qwen2.5-7B (Average Score 35.365). The code is available at https://github.com/king-wang123/CCL25-SRAG-MAV.