Chang Liu

Huawen Shen, Chang Liu, Gengluo Li et al.

Pursuing human-like interaction for Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents requires understanding the GUI context and following user instructions. However, existing works typically couple these two aspects and focus more on instruct-following abilities, while ignoring the importance of understanding the GUI context. In this paper, we introduce an instruction-free GUI navigation dataset, termed Insight-UI Dataset, to enhance model comprehension of GUI environments. Insight-UI Dataset is automatically generated from the Common Crawl corpus, simulating various platforms -- including iOS, Android, Windows, and Linux -- across multiple resolutions on 312K domains. Although GUI interactions vary by context, diverse interfaces share common internal patterns, such as clicking an item to view its details. It implies the feasibility of independent GUI operation learning, followed by joint optimization with instruction tuning. Thereby, we develop the GUI agent model Falcon-UI, which is initially pretrained on Insight-UI Dataset and subsequently fine-tuned on Android and Web GUI datasets, including AITW, AITZ, Android Control, and Mind2Web. With 7 billion parameters, Falcon-UI achieves accuracy comparable to the 72 billion-parameter Qwen2VL on AITZ, validating the alignment between GUI context comprehension and agent performance. Our code and dataset will be open-sourced.

Chang Liu, Tongyuan Yang, Yan Zhao

There is a hidden energy in tennis, which cannot be seen or touched. It is the force that controls the flow of the game and is present in all types of matches. This mysterious force is Momentum. This study introduces an evaluation model that synergizes the Entropy Weight Method (EWM) and Gray Relation Analysis (GRA) to quantify momentum's impact on match outcomes. Empirical validation was conducted through Mann-Whitney U and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, which yielded p values of 0.0043 and 0.00128,respectively. These results underscore the non-random association between momentum shifts and match outcomes, highlighting the critical role of momentum in tennis. Otherwise, our investigation foucus is the creation of a predictive model that combines the advanced machine learning algorithm XGBoost with the SHAP framework. This model enables precise predictions of match swings with exceptional accuracy (0.999013 for multiple matches and 0.992738 for finals). The model's ability to identify the influence of specific factors on match dynamics,such as bilateral distance run during points, demonstrates its prowess.The model's generalizability was thoroughly evaluated using datasets from the four Grand Slam tournaments. The results demonstrate its remarkable adaptability to different match scenarios,despite minor variations in predictive accuracy. It offers strategic insights that can help players effectively respond to opponents' shifts in momentum,enhancing their competitive edge.

Chang Liu, Jingwei Zhuo, Jun Zhu

It is known that the Langevin dynamics used in MCMC is the gradient flow of the KL divergence on the Wasserstein space, which helps convergence analysis and inspires recent particle-based variational inference methods (ParVIs). But no more MCMC dynamics is understood in this way. In this work, by developing novel concepts, we propose a theoretical framework that recognizes a general MCMC dynamics as the fiber-gradient Hamiltonian flow on the Wasserstein space of a fiber-Riemannian Poisson manifold. The "conservation + convergence" structure of the flow gives a clear picture on the behavior of general MCMC dynamics. The framework also enables ParVI simulation of MCMC dynamics, which enriches the ParVI family with more efficient dynamics, and also adapts ParVI advantages to MCMCs. We develop two ParVI methods for a particular MCMC dynamics and demonstrate the benefits in experiments.