Yifeng Shi

Haibao Yu, Yizhen Luo, Mao Shu et al.

Autonomous driving faces great safety challenges for a lack of global perspective and the limitation of long-range perception capabilities. It has been widely agreed that vehicle-infrastructure cooperation is required to achieve Level 5 autonomy. However, there is still NO dataset from real scenarios available for computer vision researchers to work on vehicle-infrastructure cooperation-related problems. To accelerate computer vision research and innovation for Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Autonomous Driving (VICAD), we release DAIR-V2X Dataset, which is the first large-scale, multi-modality, multi-view dataset from real scenarios for VICAD. DAIR-V2X comprises 71254 LiDAR frames and 71254 Camera frames, and all frames are captured from real scenes with 3D annotations. The Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative 3D Object Detection problem (VIC3D) is introduced, formulating the problem of collaboratively locating and identifying 3D objects using sensory inputs from both vehicle and infrastructure. In addition to solving traditional 3D object detection problems, the solution of VIC3D needs to consider the temporal asynchrony problem between vehicle and infrastructure sensors and the data transmission cost between them. Furthermore, we propose Time Compensation Late Fusion (TCLF), a late fusion framework for the VIC3D task as a benchmark based on DAIR-V2X. Find data, code, and more up-to-date information at https://thudair.baai.ac.cn/index and https://github.com/AIR-THU/DAIR-V2X.

Xiaoqing Ye, Mao Shu, Hanyu Li et al.

Concurrent perception datasets for autonomous driving are mainly limited to frontal view with sensors mounted on the vehicle. None of them is designed for the overlooked roadside perception tasks. On the other hand, the data captured from roadside cameras have strengths over frontal-view data, which is believed to facilitate a safer and more intelligent autonomous driving system. To accelerate the progress of roadside perception, we present the first high-diversity challenging Roadside Perception 3D dataset- Rope3D from a novel view. The dataset consists of 50k images and over 1.5M 3D objects in various scenes, which are captured under different settings including various cameras with ambiguous mounting positions, camera specifications, viewpoints, and different environmental conditions. We conduct strict 2D-3D joint annotation and comprehensive data analysis, as well as set up a new 3D roadside perception benchmark with metrics and evaluation devkit. Furthermore, we tailor the existing frontal-view monocular 3D object detection approaches and propose to leverage the geometry constraint to solve the inherent ambiguities caused by various sensors, viewpoints. Our dataset is available on https://thudair.baai.ac.cn/rope.

Xianghao Kong, Wentao Jiang, Jinrang Jia et al.

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) collaborative perception is crucial for autonomous driving. However, achieving high-precision V2X perception requires a significant amount of annotated real-world data, which can always be expensive and hard to acquire. Simulated data have raised much attention since they can be massively produced at an extremely low cost. Nevertheless, the significant domain gap between simulated and real-world data, including differences in sensor type, reflectance patterns, and road surroundings, often leads to poor performance of models trained on simulated data when evaluated on real-world data. In addition, there remains a domain gap between real-world collaborative agents, e.g. different types of sensors may be installed on autonomous vehicles and roadside infrastructures with different extrinsics, further increasing the difficulty of sim2real generalization. To take full advantage of simulated data, we present a new unsupervised sim2real domain adaptation method for V2X collaborative detection named Decoupled Unsupervised Sim2Real Adaptation (DUSA). Our new method decouples the V2X collaborative sim2real domain adaptation problem into two sub-problems: sim2real adaptation and inter-agent adaptation. For sim2real adaptation, we design a Location-adaptive Sim2Real Adapter (LSA) module to adaptively aggregate features from critical locations of the feature map and align the features between simulated data and real-world data via a sim/real discriminator on the aggregated global feature. For inter-agent adaptation, we further devise a Confidence-aware Inter-agent Adapter (CIA) module to align the fine-grained features from heterogeneous agents under the guidance of agent-wise confidence maps. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DUSA approach on unsupervised sim2real adaptation from the simulated V2XSet dataset to the real-world DAIR-V2X-C dataset.

Zhenjia Li, Jinrang Jia, Yifeng Shi

In the field of autonomous driving, monocular 3D detection is a critical task which estimates 3D properties (depth, dimension, and orientation) of objects in a single RGB image. Previous works have used features in a heuristic way to learn 3D properties, without considering that inappropriate features could have adverse effects. In this paper, sample selection is introduced that only suitable samples should be trained to regress the 3D properties. To select samples adaptively, we propose a Learnable Sample Selection (LSS) module, which is based on Gumbel-Softmax and a relative-distance sample divider. The LSS module works under a warm-up strategy leading to an improvement in training stability. Additionally, since the LSS module dedicated to 3D property sample selection relies on object-level features, we further develop a data augmentation method named MixUp3D to enrich 3D property samples which conforms to imaging principles without introducing ambiguity. As two orthogonal methods, the LSS module and MixUp3D can be utilized independently or in conjunction. Sufficient experiments have shown that their combined use can lead to synergistic effects, yielding improvements that transcend the mere sum of their individual applications. Leveraging the LSS module and the MixUp3D, without any extra data, our method named MonoLSS ranks 1st in all three categories (Car, Cyclist, and Pedestrian) on KITTI 3D object detection benchmark, and achieves competitive results on both the Waymo dataset and KITTI-nuScenes cross-dataset evaluation. The code is included in the supplementary material and will be released to facilitate related academic and industrial studies.

Yifeng Shi, Marc Niethammer

Multimodal learning has mainly focused on learning large models on, and fusing feature representations from, different modalities for better performances on downstream tasks. In this work, we take a detour from this trend and study the intrinsic nature of multimodal data by asking the following questions: 1) Can we learn more structured latent representations of general multimodal data?; and 2) can we intuitively understand, both mathematically and visually, what the latent representations capture? To answer 1), we propose a general and lightweight framework, Multimodal Understanding Through Correlation Maximization and Minimization (MUCMM), that can be incorporated into any large pre-trained network. MUCMM learns both the common and individual representations. The common representations capture what is common between the modalities; the individual representations capture the unique aspect of the modalities. To answer 2), we propose novel scores that summarize the learned common and individual structures and visualize the score gradients with respect to the input, visually discerning what the different representations capture. We further provide mathematical intuitions of the computed gradients in a linear setting, and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a variety of experiments.