Stephen Edward Moore

Stephen Edward Moore

This paper is concerned with the analysis of a new stable space-time finite element method (FEM) for the numerical solution of parabolic evolution problems in moving spatial computational domains. The discrete bilinear form is elliptic on the FEM space with respect to a discrete energy norm. This property together with a corresponding boundedness property, consistency and approximation results for the FEM spaces yields an a priori discretization error estimate with respect to the discrete norm. Finally, we confirm the theoretical results with numerical experiments in spatial moving domains to confirm the theory presented.

Lawrence Adu Gyamfi, Paul Azunre, Stephen Edward Moore et al.

Low resource languages present unique challenges for natural language processing due to the limited availability of digitized and well structured linguistic data. To address this gap, the GhanaNLP initiative has developed and curated 41,513 parallel sentence pairs for the Twi, Fante, Ewe, Ga, and Kusaal languages, which are widely spoken across Ghana yet remain underrepresented in digital spaces. Each dataset consists of carefully aligned sentence pairs between a local language and English. The data were collected, translated, and annotated by human professionals and enriched with standard structural metadata to ensure consistency and usability. These corpora are designed to support research, educational, and commercial applications, including machine translation, speech technologies, and language preservation. This paper documents the dataset creation methodology, structure, intended use cases, and evaluation, as well as their deployment in real world applications such as the Khaya AI translation engine. Overall, this work contributes to broader efforts to democratize AI by enabling inclusive and accessible language technologies for African languages.

Tobi Olatunji, Charles Nimo, Abraham Owodunni et al. · mila

Recent advancements in large language model(LLM) performance on medical multiple choice question (MCQ) benchmarks have stimulated interest from healthcare providers and patients globally. Particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) facing acute physician shortages and lack of specialists, LLMs offer a potentially scalable pathway to enhance healthcare access and reduce costs. However, their effectiveness in the Global South, especially across the African continent, remains to be established. In this work, we introduce AfriMed-QA, the first large scale Pan-African English multi-specialty medical Question-Answering (QA) dataset, 15,000 questions (open and closed-ended) sourced from over 60 medical schools across 16 countries, covering 32 medical specialties. We further evaluate 30 LLMs across multiple axes including correctness and demographic bias. Our findings show significant performance variation across specialties and geographies, MCQ performance clearly lags USMLE (MedQA). We find that biomedical LLMs underperform general models and smaller edge-friendly LLMs struggle to achieve a passing score. Interestingly, human evaluations show a consistent consumer preference for LLM answers and explanations when compared with clinician answers.

Stephen Edward Moore

This paper is concerned with using discontinuous Galerkin isogeometric analysis (dGIGA) as a numerical treatment of Diffusion problems on orientable surfaces $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^3$. The computational domain or surface considered consist of several non-overlapping sub-domains or patches which are coupled via an interior penalty scheme. In Langer and Moore U. Langer and S. E. Moore,2014, we presented a priori error estimate for conforming computational domains with matching meshes across patch interface and a constant diffusion coefficient. However, in this article, we generalize the \textit{a priori} error estimate to non-matching meshes and discontinuous diffusion coefficients across patch interfaces commonly occurring in industry. We construct B-Spline or NURBS approximation spaces which are discontinuous across patch interfaces. We present \textit{a priori} error estimate for the symmetric discontinuous Galerkin scheme and numerical experiments to confirm the theory.

Stephen Edward Moore

We present and analyze a stable space-time multi-patch discontinuous Galerkin Isogeometric Analysis (dG-IgA) scheme for the numerical solution of parabolic evolution equations in moving space-time computational domains. Following \cite{LangerMooreNeumueller:2016a}, we use a time-upwind test function and apply multi-patch discontinuous Galerkin IgA methodology for discretizing the evolution problem both in space and in time. This yields a discrete bilinear form which is elliptic on the IgA space with respect to a space-time dG norm. This property together with a corresponding boundedness property, consistency and approximation results for the IgA spaces yields an \textit{a priori discretization} error estimate with respect to the space-time dG norm. The theoretical results are confirmed by several numerical experiments with low- and high-order IgA spaces.