Sheng Shen

Anas Awadalla, Le Xue, Manli Shu et al. · uw

We introduce BLIP3-KALE, a dataset of 218 million image-text pairs that bridges the gap between descriptive synthetic captions and factual web-scale alt-text. KALE augments synthetic dense image captions with web-scale alt-text to generate factually grounded image captions. Our two-stage approach leverages large vision-language models and language models to create knowledge-augmented captions, which are then used to train a specialized VLM for scaling up the dataset. We train vision-language models on KALE and demonstrate improvements on vision-language tasks. Our experiments show the utility of KALE for training more capable and knowledgeable multimodal models. We release the KALE dataset at https://huggingface.co/datasets/Salesforce/blip3-kale

Qizhen Zhang, Prajjwal Bhargava, Chloe Bi et al. · allen-ai

We present Branch-Train-Stitch (BTS), an efficient and flexible training algorithm for combining independently trained large language model (LLM) experts into a single, capable generalist model. Following Li et al., we start with a single seed language model which is branched into domain-specific (e.g., coding or math) experts with continual pretraining. BTS combines experts into a generalist model using lightweight stitch layers, which are inserted between frozen experts and the seed LLM, and trained on a small datamix of the expert domains. Stitch layers enable the seed LLM to integrate representations from any number of experts during the forward pass, allowing it to generalize to new domains, despite remaining frozen. Because BTS does not alter the constituent LLMs, BTS provides a modular and flexible approach: experts can be easily removed and new experts can be added with only a small amount of training. Compared to alternative model merging approaches, BTS yields the best generalist performance on a variety of downstream tasks, retaining the specialized capabilities of each of the experts.

Yinghe Zhang, Chi Liu, Shuai Zhou et al.

Adversarial attacks pose a critical security threat to real-world AI systems by injecting human-imperceptible perturbations into benign samples to induce misclassification in deep learning models. While existing detection methods, such as Bayesian uncertainty estimation and activation pattern analysis, have achieved progress through feature engineering, their reliance on handcrafted feature design and prior knowledge of attack patterns limits generalization capabilities and incurs high engineering costs. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a lightweight adversarial detection framework based on the large-scale pre-trained vision-language model CLIP. Departing from conventional adversarial feature characterization paradigms, we innovatively adopt an anomaly detection perspective. By jointly fine-tuning CLIP's dual visual-text encoders with trainable adapter networks and learnable prompts, we construct a compact representation space tailored for natural images. Notably, our detection architecture achieves substantial improvements in generalization capability across both known and unknown attack patterns compared to traditional methods, while significantly reducing training overhead. This study provides a novel technical pathway for establishing a parameter-efficient and attack-agnostic defense paradigm, markedly enhancing the robustness of vision systems against evolving adversarial threats.

Sheng Shen, Xuan Lu, Ziniu Hu

In the appstore-centric ecosystem, app developers have an urgent requirement to optimize their release strategy to maximize the success opportunity of their apps. To address this problem, we introduce an approach to assisting developers to select the proper release opportunity based on the purpose of the update and current condition of the app. Before that, we propose the interval of an update to its previous update to characterize release patterns, and find significance of the release opportunity through empirical analysis. We mined the update-history data of 17,820 apps from 33 categories in Google Play, over a period of 105 days. With 41,028 releases identified from these apps, we reveal important characteristics of update intervals and how these factors can influence update effects. We suggest developers to synthetically consider app ranking, rating trend, and what to update in addition to the opportunity before releasing an app version. We propose a Multinomial Naive Bayes model to help decide an optimal release opportunity to gain better user adoption.