Chenwei Cui

Chenwei Cui, Zehao Yan, Gedeon Muhawenayo et al.

Recent work demonstrated Transformers' ability to efficiently copy strings of exponential sizes, distinguishing them from other architectures. We present the Causal Relation Network (CausalRN), an all-MLP sequence modeling architecture that can match Transformers on the copying task. Extending Relation Networks (RNs), we implemented key innovations to support autoregressive sequence modeling while maintaining computational feasibility. We discovered that exponentially-activated RNs are reducible to linear time complexity, and pre-activation normalization induces an infinitely growing memory pool, similar to a KV cache. In ablation study, we found both exponential activation and pre-activation normalization are indispensable for Transformer-level copying. Our findings provide new insights into what actually constitutes strong in-context retrieval.

Chenwei Cui, Liangfu Lu, Zhiyuan Tan et al.

Segmentation-based methods are widely used for scene text detection due to their superiority in describing arbitrary-shaped text instances. However, two major problems still exist: 1) current label generation techniques are mostly empirical and lack theoretical support, discouraging elaborate label design; 2) as a result, most methods rely heavily on text kernel segmentation which is unstable and requires deliberate tuning. To address these challenges, we propose a human cognition-inspired framework, termed, Conceptual Text Region Network (CTRNet). The framework utilizes Conceptual Text Regions (CTRs), which is a class of cognition-based tools inheriting good mathematical properties, allowing for sophisticated label design. Another component of CTRNet is an inference pipeline that, with the help of CTRs, completely omits the need for text kernel segmentation. Compared with previous segmentation-based methods, our approach is not only more interpretable but also more accurate. Experimental results show that CTRNet achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmark CTW1500, Total-Text, MSRA-TD500, and ICDAR 2015 datasets, yielding performance gains of up to 2.0%. Notably, to the best of our knowledge, CTRNet is among the first detection models to achieve F-measures higher than 85.0% on all four of the benchmarks, with remarkable consistency and stability.