Manuel Goyanes

Luis de-Marcos, Manuel Goyanes, Adrián Domínguez-Díaz

Large-scale content analysis is increasingly limited by the absence of observable ground truth or gold-standard labels, as creating such benchmarks through extensive human coding becomes impractical for massive datasets due to high time, cost, and consistency challenges. To overcome this barrier, we introduce the AI-CROWD protocol, which approximates ground truth by leveraging the collective outputs of an ensemble of large language models (LLMs). Rather than asserting that the resulting labels are true ground truth, the protocol generates a consensus-based approximation derived from convergent and divergent inferences across multiple models. By aggregating outputs via majority voting and interrogating agreement/disagreement patterns with diagnostic metrics, AI-CROWD identifies high-confidence classifications while flagging potential ambiguity or model-specific biases.

Alejandro Leonardo García Navarro, Nataliia Koneva, Alfonso Sánchez-Macián et al.

In social sciences, researchers often face challenges when conducting large-scale experiments, particularly due to the simulations' complexity and the lack of technical expertise required to develop such frameworks. Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) is a computational approach that simulates agents' actions and interactions to evaluate how their behaviors influence the outcomes. However, the traditional implementation of ABM can be demanding and complex. Generative Agent-Based Modeling (GABM) offers a solution by enabling scholars to create simulations where AI-driven agents can generate complex behaviors based on underlying rules and interactions. This paper introduces a framework for designing reliable experiments using GABM, making sophisticated simulation techniques more accessible to researchers across various fields. We provide a step-by-step guide for selecting appropriate tools, designing the model, establishing experimentation protocols, and validating results.