Qin Li

Kangwoo Yi, Bo Shen, Qin Li et al.

Solar Proton Events (SPEs) cause significant radiation hazards to satellites, astronauts, and technological systems. Accurate forecasting of their proton flux time profiles is crucial for early warnings and mitigation. This paper explores deep learning sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models based on Long Short-Term Memory networks to predict 24-hour proton flux profiles following SPE onsets. We used a dataset of 40 well-connected SPEs (1997-2017) observed by NOAA GOES, each associated with a >=M-class western-hemisphere solar flare and undisturbed proton flux profiles. Using 4-fold stratified cross-validation, we evaluate seq2seq model configurations (varying hidden units and embedding dimensions) under multiple forecasting scenarios: (i) proton-only input vs. combined proton+X-ray input, (ii) original flux data vs. trend-smoothed data, and (iii) autoregressive vs. one-shot forecasting. Our major results are as follows: First, one-shot forecasting consistently yields lower error than autoregressive prediction, avoiding the error accumulation seen in iterative approaches. Second, on the original data, proton-only models outperform proton+X-ray models. However, with trend-smoothed data, this gap narrows or reverses in proton+X-ray models. Third, trend-smoothing significantly enhances the performance of proton+X-ray models by mitigating fluctuations in the X-ray channel. Fourth, while models trained on trendsmoothed data perform best on average, the best-performing model was trained on original data, suggesting that architectural choices can sometimes outweigh the benefits of data preprocessing.

Ping Chen, Yujin Chen, Dong Yang et al.

Reconstructing a high-precision and high-fidelity 3D human hand from a color image plays a central role in replicating a realistic virtual hand in human-computer interaction and virtual reality applications. The results of current methods are lacking in accuracy and fidelity due to various hand poses and severe occlusions. In this study, we propose an I2UV-HandNet model for accurate hand pose and shape estimation as well as 3D hand super-resolution reconstruction. Specifically, we present the first UV-based 3D hand shape representation. To recover a 3D hand mesh from an RGB image, we design an AffineNet to predict a UV position map from the input in an image-to-image translation fashion. To obtain a higher fidelity shape, we exploit an additional SRNet to transform the low-resolution UV map outputted by AffineNet into a high-resolution one. For the first time, we demonstrate the characterization capability of the UV-based hand shape representation. Our experiments show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on several challenging benchmarks.

Changchang Zeng, Shaobo Li, Qin Li et al.

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is a challenging Natural Language Processing(NLP) research field with wide real-world applications. The great progress of this field in recent years is mainly due to the emergence of large-scale datasets and deep learning. At present, a lot of MRC models have already surpassed human performance on various benchmark datasets despite the obvious giant gap between existing MRC models and genuine human-level reading comprehension. This shows the need for improving existing datasets, evaluation metrics, and models to move current MRC models toward "real" understanding. To address the current lack of comprehensive survey of existing MRC tasks, evaluation metrics, and datasets, herein, (1) we analyze 57 MRC tasks and datasets and propose a more precise classification method of MRC tasks with 4 different attributes; (2) we summarized 9 evaluation metrics of MRC tasks, 7 attributes and 10 characteristics of MRC datasets; (3) We also discuss key open issues in MRC research and highlighted future research directions. In addition, we have collected, organized, and published our data on the companion website(https://mrc-datasets.github.io/) where MRC researchers could directly access each MRC dataset, papers, baseline projects, and the leaderboard.