Madjid Fathi

Hasan Abu-Rasheed, Christian Weber, Madjid Fathi

In the era of personalized education, the provision of comprehensible explanations for learning recommendations is of a great value to enhance the learner's understanding and engagement with the recommended learning content. Large language models (LLMs) and generative AI in general have recently opened new doors for generating human-like explanations, for and along learning recommendations. However, their precision is still far away from acceptable in a sensitive field like education. To harness the abilities of LLMs, while still ensuring a high level of precision towards the intent of the learners, this paper proposes an approach to utilize knowledge graphs (KG) as a source of factual context, for LLM prompts, reducing the risk of model hallucinations, and safeguarding against wrong or imprecise information, while maintaining an application-intended learning context. We utilize the semantic relations in the knowledge graph to offer curated knowledge about learning recommendations. With domain-experts in the loop, we design the explanation as a textual template, which is filled and completed by the LLM. Domain experts were integrated in the prompt engineering phase as part of a study, to ensure that explanations include information that is relevant to the learner. We evaluate our approach quantitatively using Rouge-N and Rouge-L measures, as well as qualitatively with experts and learners. Our results show an enhanced recall and precision of the generated explanations compared to those generated solely by the GPT model, with a greatly reduced risk of generating imprecise information in the final learning explanation.

Johannes Zenkert, Christian Weber, Mubaris Nadeem et al.

This short paper presents first steps in the scientific part of the KIRETT project, which aims to improve first aid during rescue operations using a wearable device. The wearable is used for computer-aided situation recognition by means of artificial intelligence. It provides contextual recommendations for actions and operations to rescue personnel and is intended to minimize damage to patients due to incorrect treatment, as well as increase the probability of survival. The paper describes a first overview of research approaches within the project.

Mubaris Nadeem, Johannes Zenkert, Lisa Bender et al.

Over the years, the need for rescue operations throughout the world has increased rapidly. Demographic changes and the resulting risk of injury or health disorders form the basis for emergency calls. In such scenarios, first responders are in a rush to reach the patient in need, provide first aid, and save lives. In these situations, they must be able to provide personalized and optimized healthcare in the shortest possible time and estimate the patients condition with the help of freshly recorded vital data in an emergency situation. However, in such a timedependent situation, first responders and medical experts cannot fully grasp their knowledge and need assistance and recommendation for further medical treatments. To achieve this, on the spot calculated, evaluated, and processed knowledge must be made available to improve treatments by first responders. The Knowledge Graph presented in this article as a central knowledge representation provides first responders with an innovative knowledge management that enables intelligent treatment recommendations with an artificial intelligence-based pre-recognition of the situation.

Hasan Abu-Rasheed, Constance Jumbo, Rashed Al Amin et al.

While learning personalization offers great potential for learners, modern practices in higher education require a deeper consideration of domain models and learning contexts, to develop effective personalization algorithms. This paper introduces an innovative approach to higher education curriculum modelling that utilizes large language models (LLMs) for knowledge graph (KG) completion, with the goal of creating personalized learning-path recommendations. Our research focuses on modelling university subjects and linking their topics to corresponding domain models, enabling the integration of learning modules from different faculties and institutions in the student's learning path. Central to our approach is a collaborative process, where LLMs assist human experts in extracting high-quality, fine-grained topics from lecture materials. We develop a domain, curriculum, and user models for university modules and stakeholders. We implement this model to create the KG from two study modules: Embedded Systems and Development of Embedded Systems Using FPGA. The resulting KG structures the curriculum and links it to the domain models. We evaluate our approach through qualitative expert feedback and quantitative graph quality metrics. Domain experts validated the relevance and accuracy of the model, while the graph quality metrics measured the structural properties of our KG. Our results show that the LLM-assisted graph completion approach enhances the ability to connect related courses across disciplines to personalize the learning experience. Expert feedback also showed high acceptance of the proposed collaborative approach for concept extraction and classification.

Mubaris Nadeem, Madjid Fathi

In the field of medicine and healthcare, the utilization of medical expertise, based on medical knowledge combined with patients' health information is a life-critical challenge for patients and health professionals. The within-laying complexity and variety form the need for a united approach to gather, analyze, and utilize existing knowledge of medical treatments, and medical operations to provide the ability to present knowledge for the means of accurate patient-driven decision-making. One way to achieve this is the fusion of multiple knowledge sources in healthcare. It provides health professionals the opportunity to select from multiple contextual aligned knowledge sources which enables the support for critical decisions. This paper presents multiple conceptual models for knowledge fusion in the field of medicine, based on a knowledge graph structure. It will evaluate, how knowledge fusion can be enabled and presents how to integrate various knowledge sources into the knowledge graph for rescue operations.

Mubaris Nadeem, Johannes Zenkert, Christian Weber et al.

The integration of vital signs in healthcare has witnessed a steady rise, promising health professionals to assist in their daily tasks to improve patient treatment. In life-threatening situations, like rescue operations, crucial decisions need to be made in the shortest possible amount of time to ensure that excellent treatment is provided during life-saving measurements. The integration of vital signs in the treatment holds the potential to improve time utilization for rescuers in such critical situations. They furthermore serve to support health professionals during the treatment with useful information and suggestions. To achieve such a goal, the KIRETT project serves to provide treatment recommendations and situation detection, combined on a wrist-worn wearable for rescue operations.This paper aims to present the significant role of vital signs in the improvement of decision-making during rescue operations and show their impact on health professionals and patients in need.

Mubaris Nadeem, Johannes Zenkert, Lisa Bender et al.

Healthcare and Medicine are under constant pressure to provide patient-driven medical expertise to ensure a fast and accurate treatment of the patient. In such scenarios, the diagnosis contains, the family history, long term medical data and a detailed consultation with the patient. In time-critical emergencies, such conversation and time-consuming elaboration are not possible. Rescue services need to provide fast, reliable treatments for the patient in need. With the help of modern technologies, like treatment recommendations, real-time vitals-monitoring, and situation detection through artificial intelligence (AI) a situation can be analyzed and supported in providing fast, accurate patient-data-driven medical treatments. In KIRETT, a wearable device is developed to support in such scenarios and presents a way to provide treatment recommendation in rescue services. The objective of this paper is to present the quantitative results of a two-day KIRETT evaluation (14 participants) to analyze the needs of rescue operators in healthcare.

Jasmin Freudenberg, Kai Hahn, Christian Weber et al.

The increasing popularity of portable ECG systems and the growing demand for privacy-compliant, energy-efficient real-time analysis require new approaches to signal processing at the point of data acquisition. In this context, the edge domain is acquiring increasing importance, as it not only reduces latency times, but also enables an increased level of data security. The FACE project aims to develop an innovative machine learning solution for analysing long-term electrocardiograms that synergistically combines the strengths of edge and cloud computing. In this thesis, various pre-processing steps of ECG signals are analysed with regard to their applicability in the project. The selection of suitable methods in the edge area is based in particular on criteria such as energy efficiency, processing capability and real-time capability.

Hasan Abu-Rasheed, Mohamad Hussam Abdulsalam, Christian Weber et al.

Student commitment towards a learning recommendation is not separable from their understanding of the reasons it was recommended to them; and their ability to modify it based on that understanding. Among explainability approaches, chatbots offer the potential to engage the student in a conversation, similar to a discussion with a peer or a mentor. The capabilities of chatbots, however, are still not sufficient to replace a human mentor, despite the advancements of generative AI (GenAI) and large language models (LLM). Therefore, we propose an approach to utilize chatbots as mediators of the conversation and sources of limited and controlled generation of explanations, to harvest the potential of LLMs while reducing their potential risks at the same time. The proposed LLM-based chatbot supports students in understanding learning-paths recommendations. We use a knowledge graph (KG) as a human-curated source of information, to regulate the LLM's output through defining its prompt's context. A group chat approach is developed to connect students with human mentors, either on demand or in cases that exceed the chatbot's pre-defined tasks. We evaluate the chatbot with a user study, to provide a proof-of-concept and highlight the potential requirements and limitations of utilizing chatbots in conversational explainability.

Hasan Abu-Rasheed, Christian Weber, Johannes Zenkert et al.

Industrial processes produce a considerable volume of data and thus information. Whether it is structured sensory data or semi- to unstructured textual data, the knowledge that can be derived from it is critical to the sustainable development of the industrial process. A key challenge of this sustainability is the intelligent management of the generated data, as well as the knowledge extracted from it, in order to utilize this knowledge for improving future procedures. This challenge is a result of the tailored documentation methods and domain-specific requirements, which include the need for quick visibility of the documented knowledge. In this paper, we utilize the expert knowledge documented in chip-design failure reports in supporting user access to information that is relevant to a current chip design. Unstructured, free, textual data in previous failure documentations provides a valuable source of lessons-learned, which expert design-engineers have experienced, solved and documented. To achieve a sustainable utilization of knowledge within the company, not only the inherent knowledge has to be mined from unstructured textual data, but also the relations between the lessons-learned, uncovering potentially unknown links. In this research, a knowledge graph is constructed, in order to represent and use the interconnections between reported design failures. A search engine is developed and applied onto the graph to answer queries. In contrast to mere keyword-based searching, the searchability of the knowledge graph offers enhanced search results beyond direct matches and acts as a mean for generating explainable results and result recommendations. Results are provided to the design engineer through an interactive search interface, in which, the feedback from the user is used to further optimize relations for future iterations of the knowledge graph.

Mahdi Bohlouli, Nikolaos Mittas, George Kakarontzas et al.

Efficient human resource management needs accurate assessment and representation of available competences as well as effective mapping of required competences for specific jobs and positions. In this regard, appropriate definition and identification of competence gaps express differences between acquired and required competences. Using a detailed quantification scheme together with a mathematical approach is a way to support accurate competence analytics, which can be applied in a wide variety of sectors and fields. This article describes the combined use of software technologies and mathematical and statistical methods for assessing and analyzing competences in human resource information systems. Based on a standard competence model, which is called a Professional, Innovative and Social competence tree, the proposed framework offers flexible tools to experts in real enterprise environments, either for evaluation of employees towards an optimal job assignment and vocational training or for recruitment processes. The system has been tested with real human resource data sets in the frame of the European project called ComProFITS.

Mahdi Bohlouli, Jens Dalter, Mareike Dornhöfer et al.

In todays competitive business world, being aware of customer needs and market-oriented production is a key success factor for industries. To this aim, the use of efficient analytic algorithms ensures a better understanding of customer feedback and improves the next generation of products. Accordingly, the dramatic increase in using social media in daily life provides beneficial sources for market analytics. But how traditional analytic algorithms and methods can scale up for such disparate and multi-structured data sources is the main challenge in this regard. This paper presents and discusses the technological and scientific focus of the SoMABiT as a social media analysis platform using big data technology. Sentiment analysis has been employed in order to discover knowledge from social media. The use of MapReduce and developing a distributed algorithm towards an integrated platform that can scale for any data volume and provide a social media-driven knowledge is the main novelty of the proposed concept in comparison to the state-of-the-art technologies.

Mahdi Bohlouli, Alexander Holland, Madjid Fathi

The pivotal key to the success of manufacturing enterprises is a sustainable and innovative product design and development. In collaborative design, stakeholders are heterogeneously distributed chain-like. Due to the growing volume of data and knowledge, effective management of the knowledge acquired in the product design and development is one of the key challenges facing most manufacturing enterprises. Opportunities for improving efficiency and performance of IT-based product design applications through centralization of resources such as knowledge and computation have increased in the last few years with the maturation of technologies such as SOA, virtualization, grid computing, and/or cloud computing. The main focus of this paper is the concept of ongoing research in providing the knowledge integration service for collaborative product design and development using cloud computing infrastructure. Potentials of the cloud computing to support the Knowledge integration functionalities as a Service by providing functionalities such as knowledge mapping, merging, searching, and transferring in product design procedure are described in this paper. Proposed knowledge integration services support users by giving real-time access to knowledge resources. The framework has the advantage of availability, efficiency, cost reduction, less time to result, and scalability.

Mahdi Bohlouli, Patrick Uhr, Fabian Merges et al.

Knowledge organization, infrastructure, and knowledge-based activities are all subjects that help in the creation of business strategies for the new enterprise. In this paper, the first basics of knowledge-based systems are studied. Practical issues and challenges of Knowledge Management (KM) implementations are then illustrated. Finally, a comparison of different knowledge-based projects is presented along with abstracted information on their implementation, techniques, and results. Most of these projects are in the field of medical science. Based on our study and evaluation of different KM projects, we conclude that KM is being used in every science, industry, and business. But its importance in medical science and assisted living projects are highlighted nowadays with the most of research institutes. Most medical centers are interested in using knowledge-based services like portals and learning techniques of knowledge for their future innovations and supports.

Sara Nasiri, Matthias Jung, Julien Helsper et al.

This paper reports the method and evaluation results of MedAusbild team for ISIC challenge task. Since early 2017, our team has worked on melanoma classification [1][6], and has employed deep learning since beginning of 2018 [7]. Deep learning helps researchers absolutely to treat and detect diseases by analyzing medical data (e.g., medical images). One of the representative models among the various deep-learning models is a convolutional neural network (CNN). Although our team has an experience with segmentation and classification of benign and malignant skin-lesions, we have participated in the task 3 of ISIC Challenge 2018 for classification of seven skin diseases, explained in this paper.