Roman Kochnev

Tolgay Atinc Uzun, Waleed Khalid, Saif U Din et al.

Existing NAS benchmarks (e.g., NAS-Bench, NATS-Bench) cover only narrow, task-specific regions of the architectural design space and lack cross-domain or deployment-aware evaluation. LEMUR 2 introduces a large-scale, extensible framework unifying generative, evaluative, and deployment pipelines to unlock neural-network diversity. It comprises over 14,000 distinct architectures and more than 750,000 structured training records documenting model performance, hyperparameters, and task outcomes. These models were produced through AST-based code mutation, genetic and reinforcement-learning evolution, generation of fractal architectures, and synthesis guided by a Large Language Model (LLM). This includes deep models generated with the retrieval-augmented system NN-RAG, which derived and used architectural motifs from over 900 PyTorch modules extracted from public repositories. LEMUR 2 further employs NN-VR and NN-Lite pipelines for automated deployment and latency benchmarking on heterogeneous mobile and Unity-based VR platforms, providing real-device performance metadata. It spans multimodal tasks, image captioning, text-to-image synthesis, and language modeling, supporting cross-domain analysis of architectural transferability. By linking diverse architectures, tasks, and deployment data, LEMUR 2 provides the data foundation for LLM fine-tuning and coupling diverse architectural origins with large-scale, cross-platform empirical validation. This dataset defines a new basis for reproducible and data-driven AI design, advancing the emerging paradigm of LLM-driven AutoML and architectural generalization across modalities and hardware.

Roman Kochnev, Arash Torabi Goodarzi, Zofia Antonina Bentyn et al.

Optimal hyperparameter selection is critical for maximizing the performance of neural networks in computer vision, particularly as architectures become more complex. This work explores the use of large language models (LLMs) for hyperparameter optimization by fine-tuning a parameter-efficient version of Code Llama using LoRA. The resulting model produces accurate and computationally efficient hyperparameter recommendations across a wide range of vision architectures. Unlike traditional methods such as Optuna, which rely on resource-intensive trial-and-error procedures, our approach achieves competitive or superior Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) while substantially reducing computational overhead. Importantly, the models evaluated span image-centric tasks such as classification, detection, and segmentation, fundamental components in many image manipulation pipelines including enhancement, restoration, and style transfer. Our results demonstrate that LLM-based optimization not only rivals established Bayesian methods like Tree-structured Parzen Estimators (TPE), but also accelerates tuning for real-world applications requiring perceptual quality and low-latency processing. All generated configurations are publicly available in the LEMUR Neural Network Dataset (https://github.com/ABrain-One/nn-dataset), which serves as an open source benchmark for hyperparameter optimization research and provides a practical resource to improve training efficiency in image manipulation systems.

Arash Torabi Goodarzi, Roman Kochnev, Waleed Khalid et al.

Neural networks are the backbone of modern artificial intelligence, but designing, evaluating, and comparing them remains labor-intensive. While numerous datasets exist for training, there are few standardized collections of the models themselves. We introduce LEMUR, an open-source dataset and framework that provides a large collection of PyTorch-based neural networks across tasks such as classification, segmentation, detection, and natural language processing. Each model follows a unified template, with configurations and results stored in a structured database to ensure consistency and reproducibility. LEMUR integrates automated hyperparameter optimization via Optuna, includes statistical analysis and visualization tools, and offers an API for seamless access to performance data. The framework is extensible, allowing researchers to add new models, datasets, or metrics without breaking compatibility. By standardizing implementations and unifying evaluation, LEMUR aims to accelerate AutoML research, enable fair benchmarking, and reduce barriers to large-scale neural network experimentation. To support adoption and collaboration, LEMUR and its plugins are released under the MIT license at: https://github.com/ABrain-One/nn-dataset https://github.com/ABrain-One/nn-plots https://github.com/ABrain-One/nn-vr