Bohan Liu

Haomin Qi, Bohan Liu, Zihan Dai et al.

TopoEdge is a topology-grounded, edge-deployable framework for end-to-end software-defined networking (SDN) configuration generation and repair, motivated by the brittleness of configuration artefacts under topology variation and by strict operational constraints on latency, privacy, and on-site execution. TopoEdge represents each target topology as a router-level graph and embeds it using a contrastively trained graph neural network (GNN), enabling nearest-neighbour retrieval of a verified reference configuration paired with an executable Python driver (a Topotest/pytest test script that orchestrates the emulated network and checks protocol assertions). The target topology, retrieved reference topology, and reference driver are assembled into a topology-grounded retrieval-augmented generation context (TopoRAG), which grounds a distributed, execution-centric generate--verify--repair loop coordinated by a central controller and realised by three role-specialised agents: (i) a Planning agent that produces a topology-consistent configuration plan and a per-device skeleton; (ii) a Generation agent that materialises executable configuration artefacts, including device configurations and the driver; and (iii) a Verification agent that runs the FRRouting Topotest/pytest harness, compresses failures into a compact trace, and emits localised patch directives for iterative repair.

Wenqian Ye, Di Wang, Guangtao Zheng et al.

Large vision-language models, such as CLIP, have shown strong zero-shot classification performance by aligning images and text in a shared embedding space. However, CLIP models often develop multimodal spurious biases, which is the undesirable tendency to rely on spurious features. For example, CLIP may infer object types in images based on frequently co-occurring backgrounds rather than the object's core features. This bias significantly impairs the robustness of pre-trained CLIP models on out-of-distribution data, where such cross-modal associations no longer hold. Existing methods for mitigating multimodal spurious bias typically require fine-tuning on downstream data or prior knowledge of the bias, which undermines the out-of-the-box usability of CLIP. In this paper, we first theoretically analyze the impact of multimodal spurious bias in zero-shot classification. Based on this insight, we propose Spuriousness-Aware Guided Exploration (SAGE), a simple and effective method that mitigates spurious bias through guided prompt selection. SAGE requires no training, fine-tuning, or external annotations. It explores a space of prompt templates and selects the prompts that induce the largest semantic separation between classes, thereby improving worst-group robustness. Extensive experiments on four real-world benchmark datasets and five popular backbone models demonstrate that SAGE consistently improves zero-shot performance and generalization, outperforming previous zero-shot approaches without any external knowledge or model updates.