Maryam Khalid

Maryam Khalid, Akane Sano

Emotion prediction plays an essential role in mental health and emotion-aware computing. The complex nature of emotion resulting from its dependency on a person's physiological health, mental state, and his surroundings makes its prediction a challenging task. In this work, we utilize mobile sensing data to predict happiness and stress. In addition to a person's physiological features, we also incorporate the environment's impact through weather and social network. To this end, we leverage phone data to construct social networks and develop a machine learning architecture that aggregates information from multiple users of the graph network and integrates it with the temporal dynamics of data to predict emotion for all the users. The construction of social networks does not incur additional cost in terms of EMAs or data collection from users and doesn't raise privacy concerns. We propose an architecture that automates the integration of a user's social network affect prediction, is capable of dealing with the dynamic distribution of real-life social networks, making it scalable to large-scale networks. Our extensive evaluation highlights the improvement provided by the integration of social networks. We further investigate the impact of graph topology on model's performance.

Maryam Khalid

Cellular networks are ubiquitous entities that provide major means of communication all over the world. One major challenge in cellular networks is a dynamic change in the number of users and their usage of telecommunication service which results in overloading at certain base stations. One class of solution to deal with this overloading issue is the deployment of drones that can act as temporary base stations and offload the traffic from the overloaded base station. There are two main challenges in the development of this solution. Firstly, the drone is expected to be present around the base station where an overload would occur in the future thus requiring a prediction of traffic overload. Secondly, drones are highly constrained in their resources and can only fly for a few minutes. If the affected base station is really far, drones can never reach there. This requires the initial placement of drones in sectors where overloading can occur thus again requiring a traffic forecast but at a different spatial scale. It must be noted that the spatial extent of the region that the problem poses and the extremely limited power resources available to the drone pose a great challenge that is hard to overcome without deploying the drones in strategic positions to reduce the time to fly to the required high-demand zone. Moreover, since drone fly at a finite speed, it is important that a predictive solution that can forecast traffic surges is adopted so that drones are available to offload the overload before it actually happens. Both these goals require analysis and forecast of cellular network traffic which is the main goal of this project

Maryam Khalid, Akane Sano

Graph-based Active Learning (AL) leverages the structure of graphs to efficiently prioritize label queries, reducing labeling costs and user burden in applications like health monitoring, human behavior analysis, and sensor networks. By identifying strategically positioned nodes, graph AL minimizes data collection demands while maintaining model performance, making it a valuable tool for dynamic environments. Despite its potential, existing graph AL methods are often evaluated on static graph datasets and primarily focus on prediction accuracy, neglecting user-centric considerations such as sampling diversity, query fairness, and adaptability to dynamic settings. To bridge this gap, we introduce GRAIL, a novel benchmarking framework designed to evaluate graph AL strategies in dynamic, real-world environments. GRAIL introduces novel metrics to assess sustained effectiveness, diversity, and user burden, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of AL methods under varying conditions. Extensive experiments on datasets featuring dynamic, real-life human sensor data reveal trade-offs between prediction performance and user burden, highlighting limitations in existing AL strategies. GRAIL demonstrates the importance of balancing node importance, query diversity, and network topology, providing an evaluation mechanism for graph AL solutions in dynamic environments.

Maryam Khalid, Emily Willis

Emotion prediction is a key emerging research area that focuses on identifying and forecasting the emotional state of a human from multiple modalities. Among other data sources, physiological data can serve as an indicator for emotions with an added advantage that it cannot be masked/tampered by the individual and can be easily collected. This paper surveys multiple machine learning methods that deploy smartphone and physiological data to predict emotions in real-time, using self-reported ecological momentary assessments (EMA) scores as ground-truth. Comparing regression, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, convolutional neural networks (CNN), reinforcement online learning (ROL), and deep belief networks (DBN), we showcase the variability of machine learning methods employed to achieve accurate emotion prediction. We compare the state-of-the-art methods and highlight that experimental performance is still not very good. The performance can be improved in future works by considering the following issues: improving scalability and generalizability, synchronizing multimodal data, optimizing EMA sampling, integrating adaptability with sequence prediction, collecting unbiased data, and leveraging sophisticated feature engineering techniques.