Rohit Singh

Yasasvi Hari, Rohit Singh, Kizito Nyuytiymbiy et al.

Devices connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) are rapidly becoming ubiquitous across modern homes, workplaces, and other social environments. While these devices provide users with extensive functionality, they pose significant privacy concerns due to difficulties in consenting to these devices. In this work, we present the results of a pilot study that shows how users consent to devices in common locations at a friends house in which the user is a guest attending a party. We use this pilot study to indicate a direction for a larger study, which will capture a more granular understanding of how users will consent to a variety of devices placed in different social settings (i.e. a party house owned by a friend, an office space for the user and some 40 other employees, the bathroom of a department store). Our final contribution of this work will be to build a probability distribution which will indicate how probable a given user is to consent to a device given what sensors it has, where it is, and the awareness and preferences of each user.

Lily Xu, Shahrzad Gholami, Sara Mc Carthy et al.

Illegal wildlife poaching threatens ecosystems and drives endangered species toward extinction. However, efforts for wildlife protection are constrained by the limited resources of law enforcement agencies. To help combat poaching, the Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security (PAWS) is a machine learning pipeline that has been developed as a data-driven approach to identify areas at high risk of poaching throughout protected areas and compute optimal patrol routes. In this paper, we take an end-to-end approach to the data-to-deployment pipeline for anti-poaching. In doing so, we address challenges including extreme class imbalance (up to 1:200), bias, and uncertainty in wildlife poaching data to enhance PAWS, and we apply our methodology to three national parks with diverse characteristics. (i) We use Gaussian processes to quantify predictive uncertainty, which we exploit to improve robustness of our prescribed patrols and increase detection of snares by an average of 30%. We evaluate our approach on real-world historical poaching data from Murchison Falls and Queen Elizabeth National Parks in Uganda and, for the first time, Srepok Wildlife Sanctuary in Cambodia. (ii) We present the results of large-scale field tests conducted in Murchison Falls and Srepok Wildlife Sanctuary which confirm that the predictive power of PAWS extends promisingly to multiple parks. This paper is part of an effort to expand PAWS to 800 parks around the world through integration with SMART conservation software.

Yufei Wang, Zheyuan Ryan Shi, Lantao Yu et al.

Green Security Games (GSGs) have been proposed and applied to optimize patrols conducted by law enforcement agencies in green security domains such as combating poaching, illegal logging and overfishing. However, real-time information such as footprints and agents' subsequent actions upon receiving the information, e.g., rangers following the footprints to chase the poacher, have been neglected in previous work. To fill the gap, we first propose a new game model GSG-I which augments GSGs with sequential movement and the vital element of real-time information. Second, we design a novel deep reinforcement learning-based algorithm, DeDOL, to compute a patrolling strategy that adapts to the real-time information against a best-responding attacker. DeDOL is built upon the double oracle framework and the policy-space response oracle, solving a restricted game and iteratively adding best response strategies to it through training deep Q-networks. Exploring the game structure, DeDOL uses domain-specific heuristic strategies as initial strategies and constructs several local modes for efficient and parallelized training. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to use Deep Q-Learning for security games.