Acoustic Communication for Medical Nanorobots
This addresses the challenge of coordinating microscopic robots for biomedical applications, though it is incremental as it builds on existing acoustic and nanorobot concepts.
The paper tackles the problem of enabling communication among medical nanorobots in vivo by evaluating ultrasonic methods, finding that frequencies between 10MHz and 300MHz allow communication over 100 microns with rates up to 10,000 bits/second using ambient power sources.
Communication among microscopic robots (nanorobots) can coordinate their activities for biomedical tasks. The feasibility of in vivo ultrasonic communication is evaluated for micron-size robots broadcasting into various types of tissues. Frequencies between 10MHz and 300MHz give the best tradeoff between efficient acoustic generation and attenuation for communication over distances of about 100 microns. Based on these results, we find power available from ambient oxygen and glucose in the bloodstream can readily support communication rates of about 10,000 bits/second between micron-sized robots. We discuss techniques, such as directional acoustic beams, that can increase this rate. The acoustic pressure fields enabling this communication are unlikely to damage nearby tissue, and short bursts at considerably higher power could be of therapeutic use.