Efficient Solution to the 3D Problem of Automatic Wall Paintings Reassembly
This work addresses the problem of reassembling fragmented cultural heritage artifacts for archaeologists and conservators, representing a domain-specific incremental advancement.
The paper tackles the automated 3D reconstruction of fragmented objects with near-planar surfaces, such as wall paintings, by introducing four novel matching criteria based on gap volume, overlap, and calculus of variations principles, achieving successful application to both artificially broken objects and fragmented Mycenaic wall paintings from Tyrins, Greece.
This paper introduces a new approach for the automated reconstruction - reassembly of fragmented objects having one surface near to plane, on the basis of the 3D representation of their constituent fragments. The whole process starts by 3D scanning of the available fragments. The obtained representations are properly processed so that they can be tested for possible matches. Next, four novel criteria are introduced, that lead to the determination of pairs of matching fragments. These criteria have been chosen so as the whole process imitates the instinctive reassembling method dedicated scholars apply. The first criterion exploits the volume of the gap between two properly placed fragments. The second one considers the fragments' overlapping in each possible matching position. Criteria 3,4 employ principles from calculus of variations to obtain bounds for the area and the mean curvature of the contact surfaces and the length of contact curves, which must hold if the two fragments match. The method has been applied, with great success, both in the reconstruction of objects artificially broken by the authors and, most importantly, in the virtual reassembling of parts of wall paintings belonging to the Mycenaic civilization (c. 1300 B.C.), excavated in a highly fragmented condition in Tyrins, Greece.