Consistent transformations of belief functions
This work addresses the need for coherent reasoning in belief calculus, but it is incremental as it builds on existing transformation techniques by applying Lp norms and comparing representations.
The paper tackles the problem of transforming belief functions to ensure consistency, analogous to consistent knowledge bases in logic, by minimizing Lp norm distances in mass and belief space representations. It compares different approximation methods, such as mass consistent approximations and focussed consistent transformations, through examples.
Consistent belief functions represent collections of coherent or non-contradictory pieces of evidence, but most of all they are the counterparts of consistent knowledge bases in belief calculus. The use of consistent transformations cs[.] in a reasoning process to guarantee coherence can therefore be desirable, and generalizes similar techniques in classical logic. Transformations can be obtained by minimizing an appropriate distance measure between the original belief function and the collection of consistent ones. We focus here on the case in which distances are measured using classical Lp norms, in both the "mass space" and the "belief space" representation of belief functions. While mass consistent approximations reassign the mass not focussed on a chosen element of the frame either to the whole frame or to all supersets of the element on an equal basis, approximations in the belief space do distinguish these focal elements according to the "focussed consistent transformation" principle. The different approximations are interpreted and compared, with the help of examples.