Towards Recommender Systems for Police Photo Lineup
This addresses the issue of lineup fairness in forensic investigations, which can reduce wrongful convictions, but it is incremental as it builds on existing recommender system techniques for a specific domain.
The paper tackled the problem of assembling fair photo lineups for police eyewitness identification by proposing two item-based recommender system methods based on visual descriptors and content-based attributes, with initial evaluation showing both are functional and diverse, favoring visual descriptors.
Photo lineups play a significant role in the eyewitness identification process. This method is used to provide evidence in the prosecution and subsequent conviction of suspects. Unfortunately, there are many cases where lineups have led to the conviction of an innocent suspect. One of the key factors affecting the incorrect identification of a suspect is the lack of lineup fairness, i.e. that the suspect differs significantly from all other candidates. Although the process of assembling fair lineup is both highly important and time-consuming, only a handful of tools are available to simplify the task. In this paper, we describe our work towards using recommender systems for the photo lineup assembling task. We propose and evaluate two complementary methods for item-based recommendation: one based on the visual descriptors of the deep neural network, the other based on the content-based attributes of persons. The initial evaluation made by forensic technicians shows that although results favored visual descriptors over attribute-based similarity, both approaches are functional and highly diverse in terms of recommended objects. Thus, future work should involve incorporating both approaches in a single prediction method, preference learning based on the feedback from forensic technicians and recommendation of assembled lineups instead of single candidates.