Foot anthropometry device and single object image thresholding
This provides a practical solution for foot measurement in fields like orthopedics or footwear design, though it is incremental as it builds on existing image thresholding methods.
The paper tackles the problem of obtaining accurate foot anthropometric measurements by introducing a device and algorithm that capture side and underfoot images simultaneously, achieving a mean absolute error of 1.6mm for underfoot length and showing no significant difference from manual methods.
This paper introduces a device, algorithm and graphical user interface to obtain anthropometric measurements of foot. Presented device facilitates obtaining scale of image and image processing by taking one image from side foot and underfoot simultaneously. Introduced image processing algorithm minimizes a noise criterion, which is suitable for object detection in single object images and outperforms famous image thresholding methods when lighting condition is poor. Performance of image-based method is compared to manual method. Image-based measurements of underfoot in average was 4mm less than actual measures. Mean absolute error of underfoot length was 1.6mm, however length obtained from side foot had 4.4mm mean absolute error. Furthermore, based on t-test and f-test results, no significant difference between manual and image-based anthropometry observed. In order to maintain anthropometry process performance in different situations user interface designed for handling changes in light conditions and altering speed of the algorithm.