Model Trees for Identifying Exceptional Players in the NHL Draft
This provides an interpretable data-driven tool for hockey teams to improve draft selections, but it is incremental as it builds on existing predictive and cohort-based approaches.
The paper tackled the problem of assessing NHL draft prospects by developing a model tree learning approach that combines model-based and cohort-based methods, resulting in competitive performance predictions with state-of-the-art methods and enabling identification of player strengths and weaknesses.
Drafting strong players is crucial for the team success. We describe a new data-driven interpretable approach for assessing draft prospects in the National Hockey League. Successful previous approaches have built a predictive model based on player features, or derived performance predictions from the observed performance of comparable players in a cohort. This paper develops model tree learning, which incorporates strengths of both model-based and cohort-based approaches. A model tree partitions the feature space according to the values of discrete features, or learned thresholds for continuous features. Each leaf node in the tree defines a group of players, easily described to hockey experts, with its own group regression model. Compared to a single model, the model tree forms an ensemble that increases predictive power. Compared to cohort-based approaches, the groups of comparables are discovered from the data, without requiring a similarity metric. The performance predictions of the model tree are competitive with the state-of-the-art methods, which validates our model empirically. We show in case studies that the model tree player ranking can be used to highlight strong and weak points of players.