Noise Invariant Frame Selection: A Simple Method to Address the Background Noise Problem for Text-independent Speaker Verification
This work addresses robustness issues in speaker verification systems for practical applications, offering an incremental improvement with a simple, reproducible method.
The paper tackles the problem of speaker verification performance degradation due to background noise by proposing Noise Invariant Frame Selection (NIFS), a pre-processing method that selects noise-invariant frames from utterances, resulting in significant performance improvements for VQ, GMM-UBM, and i-vector-based systems across various unknown noisy environments and SNRs on the TIMIT database.
The performance of speaker-related systems usually degrades heavily in practical applications largely due to the presence of background noise. To improve the robustness of such systems in unknown noisy environments, this paper proposes a simple pre-processing method called Noise Invariant Frame Selection (NIFS). Based on several noisy constraints, it selects noise invariant frames from utterances to represent speakers. Experiments conducted on the TIMIT database showed that the NIFS can significantly improve the performance of Vector Quantization (VQ), Gaussian Mixture Model-Universal Background Model (GMM-UBM) and i-vector-based speaker verification systems in different unknown noisy environments with different SNRs, in comparison to their baselines. Meanwhile, the proposed NIFS-based speaker verification systems achieves similar performance when we change the constraints (hyper-parameters) or features, which indicates that it is robust and easy to reproduce. Since NIFS is designed as a general algorithm, it could be further applied to other similar tasks.