Evaluating surgical skills from kinematic data using convolutional neural networks
This work addresses the need for automated, objective feedback in surgical training, though it is incremental as it applies an existing CNN method to a specific domain with new data.
The paper tackled the problem of subjective and time-consuming manual assessment of surgical skills by designing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to evaluate surgeon skills from kinematic data in robotic surgery, achieving 100% accuracy on suturing and needle passing tasks using the JIGSAWS dataset.
The need for automatic surgical skills assessment is increasing, especially because manual feedback from senior surgeons observing junior surgeons is prone to subjectivity and time consuming. Thus, automating surgical skills evaluation is a very important step towards improving surgical practice. In this paper, we designed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to evaluate surgeon skills by extracting patterns in the surgeon motions performed in robotic surgery. The proposed method is validated on the JIGSAWS dataset and achieved very competitive results with 100% accuracy on the suturing and needle passing tasks. While we leveraged from the CNNs efficiency, we also managed to mitigate its black-box effect using class activation map. This feature allows our method to automatically highlight which parts of the surgical task influenced the skill prediction and can be used to explain the classification and to provide personalized feedback to the trainee.