Estimating the Frequency Coupling Matrix from Network Measurements
For power engineers, this enables practical estimation of converter harmonic models from measurements, but the approach is tested only on a numerical example.
The paper proposes methods to estimate frequency coupling matrices (FCMs) from network measurements, including a harmonic reduction theorem for unobservable network portions and an efficient online algorithm. Tests on a numerical example show low estimation error under noise.
Power converters are present in increasing numbers in the electric power grid. They are a major source of harmonic currents and voltages, which can reduce power quality and trip protection devices. The frequency coupling matrix (FCM) is a general technique for modeling converter harmonics. It can be obtained through experimental characterization or, given a converter's internal parameters, direct calculation. In this paper, we estimate FCMs from network measurements. We give a novel harmonic reduction theorem for computing equivalent, virtual FCMs for unobservable portions of a network. We estimate FCMs and harmonic line admittances from PMU measurements, and give an efficient online version for the FCM problem. We test our approaches on a numerical example, and show that the estimation error is low under noisy observations.