Practical Window Setting Optimization for Medical Image Deep Learning
This addresses a key bottleneck in medical imaging for radiologists by optimizing CT interpretation, though it is incremental as it builds on existing CNN methods.
The authors tackled the neglect of window display settings in CT deep learning by proposing a trainable window setting optimization module, which outperformed models using full Hounsfield unit ranges and pre-defined settings on intracranial hemorrhage and urinary stone detection tasks.
The recent advancements in deep learning have allowed for numerous applications in computed tomography (CT), with potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, speed of interpretation, and clinical efficiency. However, the deep learning community has to date neglected window display settings - a key feature of clinical CT interpretation and opportunity for additional optimization. Here we propose a window setting optimization (WSO) module that is fully trainable with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to find optimal window settings for clinical performance. Our approach was inspired by the method commonly used by practicing radiologists to interpret CT images by adjusting window settings to increase the visualization of certain pathologies. Our approach provides optimal window ranges to enhance the conspicuity of abnormalities, and was used to enable performance enhancement for intracranial hemorrhage and urinary stone detection. On each task, the WSO model outperformed models trained over the full range of Hounsfield unit values in CT images, as well as images windowed with pre-defined settings. The WSO module can be readily applied to any analysis of CT images, and can be further generalized to tasks on other medical imaging modalities.