Age prediction using a large chest X-ray dataset
This work addresses age estimation for preventative health counseling in clinical settings, but it is incremental as it applies an existing deep learning method to a new medical imaging task without major methodological innovations.
The authors tackled age prediction from chest X-rays using a CNN trained on a large public dataset, achieving interpretability through activation maps that highlighted biologically relevant areas like clavicles and spine, with qualitative insights into disease patterns affecting predictions.
Age prediction based on appearances of different anatomies in medical images has been clinically explored for many decades. In this paper, we used deep learning to predict a persons age on Chest X-Rays. Specifically, we trained a CNN in regression fashion on a large publicly available dataset. Moreover, for interpretability, we explored activation maps to identify which areas of a CXR image are important for the machine (i.e. CNN) to predict a patients age, offering insight. Overall, amongst correctly predicted CXRs, we see areas near the clavicles, shoulders, spine, and mediastinum being most activated for age prediction, as one would expect biologically. Amongst incorrectly predicted CXRs, we have qualitatively identified disease patterns that could possibly make the anatomies appear older or younger than expected. A further technical and clinical evaluation would improve this work. As CXR is the most commonly requested imaging exam, a potential use case for estimating age may be found in the preventative counseling of patient health status compared to their age-expected average, particularly when there is a large discrepancy between predicted age and the real patient age.