Empirical Evaluations of Preprocessing Parameters' Impact on Predictive Coding's Effectiveness
It addresses the problem of optimizing predictive coding efficiency for legal teams, but it is incremental as it builds on existing methods by evaluating parameters on new data.
This paper investigates how preprocessing parameters and machine learning algorithms affect the accuracy and efficacy of predictive coding tools in legal and business document review, finding that these settings can strongly influence performance.
Predictive coding, once used in only a small fraction of legal and business matters, is now widely deployed to quickly cull through increasingly vast amounts of data and reduce the need for costly and inefficient human document review. Previously, the sole front-end input used to create a predictive model was the exemplar documents (training data) chosen by subject-matter experts. Many predictive coding tools require users to rely on static preprocessing parameters and a single machine learning algorithm to develop the predictive model. Little research has been published discussing the impact preprocessing parameters and learning algorithms have on the effectiveness of the technology. A deeper dive into the generation of a predictive model shows that the settings and algorithm can have a strong effect on the accuracy and efficacy of a predictive coding tool. Understanding how these input parameters affect the output will empower legal teams with the information they need to implement predictive coding as efficiently and effectively as possible. This paper outlines different preprocessing parameters and algorithms as applied to multiple real-world data sets to understand the influence of various approaches.